Multifactorial inspiratory muscle training and its impact on respiratory and functional parameters of patients with diabetic polyneuropathy-A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background And Purpose: Diabetic polyneuropathy is a long-standing microvascular complication of diabetes that affects the postural control and functional mobility of patients. There are other microvascular complications, including pulmonary complications that reduce lung function. Multifactorial Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) can act as a home-based technique targeted to affect both these complications. This study aims to determine the effects of IMT on respiratory and functional parameters in diabetic polyneuropathy patients.

Methods: This is a Pre-Test Post-Test Randomized Controlled Trial (NCT#04947163) with 62 diabetic polyneuropathy patients. Each was randomly assigned to the IMT or sham-IMT group. Both the groups performed OTAGO exercises , with the sham-IMT group performing IMT at 15% of baseline maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), whereas IMT were trained at 50% of baseline MIP as an initial intensity, which was increased as per the tolerance of patients. Both groups performed training for 12 weeks. The study investigated diaphragmatic strength, pulmonary function, functional capacity through 6MWT, 30s sit to stand test and anterior trunk muscle endurance tested through sit up test as outcome variables. Data was analysed on SPSS v26 at the significance level of 0.0.5.

Results: The IMT group significantly improved diaphragmatic strength, pulmonary function, 6MWT and anterior trunk muscle endurance when compared to the sham-IMT group.

Conclusion: The study concluded that home-based IMT can improve pulmonary parameters including diaphragmatic strength and lung function as well as functional parameters including functional capacity in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT#04947163.