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Skin, the largest organ in the human body, is a crucial protective barrier that plays essential roles in thermoregulation, sensation, and immune defence. This complex organ undergoes intricate processes of development. Skin development initiates during the embryonic stage, orchestrated by molecular cues that control epidermal specification, commitment, stratification, terminal differentiation, and appendage growth. Key signalling pathways are integral in coordinating the development of the epidermis, hair follicles, and sweat glands. The complex interplay among these pathways is vital for the appropriate formation and functionality of the skin. Disruptions in multiple molecular pathways can give rise to a spectrum of skin diseases, from congenital skin disorders to cancers. By delving into the molecular mechanisms implicated in developmental processes, as well as in the pathogenesis of diseases, this narrative review aims to present a comprehensive understanding of these aspects. Such knowledge paves the way for developing innovative targeted therapies and personalised treatment approaches for various skin conditions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cimb46080487 | DOI Listing |
Virchows Arch
September 2025
Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, USA.
Langerhans cell sarcoma (LCS) is an aggressive malignant neoplasm with a Langerhans cell immunophenotype and high-grade cytological features. Occasionally, it can coexist with other hematopoietic neoplasms with proven clonal relationship. Most of these neoplasms were found to be of lymphoid origin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Rheum Dis
September 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Objectives: Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a heterogeneous autoimmune condition needing targeted treatment approaches and improved understanding of molecular mechanisms driving clinical phenotypes. We utilised exploratory proteomics from a longitudinal North American cohort of patients with new-onset JDM to identify biological pathways at disease onset and follow-up, tissue-specific disease activity, and myositis-specific autoantibody (MSA) status.
Methods: We measured 3072 plasma proteins (Olink panel) in 56 patients with JDM within 12 weeks of starting treatment (from the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry and 3 additional sites) and 8 paediatric controls.
Int J Biol Macromol
September 2025
Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China. Electronic address:
Skin aging serves as a critical indicator of systemic health decline. Despite Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARγ) being a key therapeutic target, mechanistic understanding remains incomplete and potent, safe activators are lacking, hindering clinical progress. This study proposes the "Barrier-Skin-Systemic Aging Axis," demonstrating that epidermal barrier disruption accelerates aging via PPARγ suppression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
September 2025
Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, China; Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing, Yantai, 265599, China. Electronic address:
The treatment of chronic hard-to-heal wounds has become a major medical and public health problem worldwide. The search for novel and efficient wound healing dressings is crucial because of the complex mechanisms of wound genesis and of the inability to spontaneously repair. Many inherent properties of organisms in nature and their intrinsic molecular mechanisms have inspired researchers to design biomimetic hydrogel wound dressings to treat chronic hard-to-heal wounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pharm Biopharm
September 2025
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China. Electronic address:
Iguratimod (IGU) is a novel anti-rheumatic drug, which has anti-inflammatory effects, inhibits bone destruction, and promotes bone formation. However, the gastrointestinal side-effects caused by oral tablets of IGU pose a challenge. This study aimed to develop an IGU transdermal patch for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) through ion-pair and chemical penetrant strategies to improve the therapeutic efficacy.
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