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Understanding the characteristics of graphite-water interfaces is of scientific significance and practical importance. Ordered stripe structures have been observed at this interface, with their origins debated between condensed gas molecules and airborne hydrocarbons. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies have revealed variations in the morphology, formation and growth of these ordered structures. Here, we investigate the graphite-water interface under different environmental conditions using PeakForce Quantitative Nanomechanical (PF-QNM) AFM. Our findings reveal that stripe structures with 4 nm width and 0.5 nm periodicity, form and grow under wet laboratory conditions but not in pure inert gas or cleanroom environments. These stripes appear more readily when the graphite surface is immersed in water, with growth associated with gas nanodomains on the surface. This suggests that atmospheric contaminants migrate to the water-graphite interface, potentially facilitated by gas states. These findings underscore the impact of environmental conditions on graphitic materials, providing new insights into the mechanisms underlying stripe formation and growth.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.202400641 | DOI Listing |
Front Plant Sci
August 2025
Rice Science Center, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
Introduction: Rice is mainly consumed by half of the world's population. The imminent climate change and population growth expected in the next 30 years will outpace the current rice production capacity, posing risks to food and nutrition security in developing nations. One simplified approach to address this challenge is to improve photosynthetic capacity by increasing chlorophyll content in leaves and stems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe diverse pigmentation patterns of animals are crucial for predation avoidance and behavioral display, yet mechanisms underlying this diversity remain poorly understood. In zebrafish, Turing models have been proposed to explain stripe patterns, but it is unclear if they apply to other fishes. In anemonefish ( , we identified , a gene orthologous to zebrafish and encoding a connexin involved in pigment cell communication, as responsible for the phenotype.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe next generation of power electronics necessitates materials capable of rapid response at tens of kilohertz frequencies while ensuring minimal core losses. Accelerating the advancement of power electronics hinges on addressing the current shortage of ultra-low core loss soft magnets, thereby enabling sustainable energy utilization and paving the way toward achieving zero carbon footprints. Here we demonstrate an approach that integrates nanostructure engineering with high-frequency domain structure control, significantly enhancing the performance of Fe-enriched amorphous ribbons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Physiol
August 2025
College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China.
To investigate into the role of leptin in body mass in high-fat-fed animals. Male striped field mice () fed high-fat diets were given leptin (0.5 μg/g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDalton Trans
August 2025
Functional Materials Research Laboratory, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tongji University, No. 4800, Cao'an Road, Shanghai 201804, China.
Homogeneous PbTiO (PT) templates are considered an ideal choice for textured lead-based piezoceramics. In order to further investigate the texture mechanism and topological microcrystal conversion of PT templates, a comparative investigation and mechanistic analysis were conducted on Pb(MgNb)O-30PbTiO (PMN-30PT) textured ceramics prepared using the template grain growth (TGG) technique, with 〈001〉 oriented BaTiO (BT) and PbTiO (PT) as templates. The results show that the use of BT templates resulted in a textured ceramic with a Logtering factor of 91%, a piezoelectric coefficient of 824 pC N, and parallel striped domains, compared to 11%, 534 pC N, and fingerprint-like domains with PT templates.
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