Virtual reality tolerability, sense of presence and usability in Huntington disease: a pilot study.

Introduction: Several studies demonstrated the utility of immersive virtual reality (VR) as a complementary approach to conventional therapy for improving motor, psychological and cognitive impairment in some pathological conditions. Our pilot study aims to evaluate for the first time: 1) sense of presence, tolerability and usability of VR immersive experience in patients with early stages of Huntington disease (eHDp) compared to healthy controls (HC); 2) correlation between the use of technology/cybersickness and the variables of presence/usability; 3) correlation between clinical characteristics (genetic, motor, functional and cognitive) and VR's variables.

Method: We recruited 10 eHDp and 10 age, gender and education matched HC. Participants completed questionnaires about sense of presence, usability, tolerability and technology use profile. Subjects were exposed to different VR scenarios from a first-person perspective through a standalone VR headset.

Results: Our results showed no significant statistical difference between eHDp and HC for the sense of presence (p=0.910), usability (p=0.744) and tolerability (p=0.730) during the VR experience. Familiarity with the use of technology was also comparable between groups (p=0.676). Regarding correlations in eHDp group, our results showed no correlations between use of technology/tolerability and the sense of presence/usability. Moreover, clinical characteristics of eHDp (genetic, motor, functional and cognitive scores) did not influence the sense of presence, tolerability and usability.

Conclusion: Our research presents preliminary evidence for the applicability of VR in eHDp. These results open up the possibility to explore future applications of this methodology in rehabilitation (i.e., cognitive training, physiotherapy), diagnosis and psychological support in Huntington disease patients.