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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anai.2024.04.019 | DOI Listing |
The corneal lens is an apical extracellular matrix (aECM) structure with a biconvex shape that enables it to focus light. Chitin, a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, is a major component of insect corneal lenses . Delayed chitin deposition in mutants and altered levels of chitin processing enzymes in mutants correlate with changes in the shape of corneal lenses , prompting us to investigate the role of chitin in determining corneal lens shape.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImaging Neurosci (Camb)
July 2024
Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Physiological signals such as pulse and respiration strongly contribute to non-neuronal signal change of the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) contrast in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). This has been observed not only during task-based but also during resting-state fMRI measurements, where the confounding influence of physiological signals is most pronounced. Over the last decades, a variety of techniques evolved, aiming at detecting and removing physiological artifacts in fMRI time series.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConnect Tissue Res
August 2025
Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, and Chicago Center for Musculoskeletal Pain, Chicago, IL, USA.
Clinically meaningful therapeutics targeting osteoarthritis pain have remained elusive over the years, but the collective understanding of mechanisms driving joint pain has continued to progress, offering a hopeful future. Recent significant discoveries in the field include detailed characterizations of structural and functional neuroplasticity within the joint, highlighting the contributions of non-neuronal cells in mediating this neuroplasticity. Notably, nerve growth factor has been identified as an important mediator of nociceptor sensitization and is expressed by many cells in the OA joint ( chondrocytes, synovial fibroblasts, macrophages, osteoclasts).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Neurosci
August 2025
Institute of Animal Physiology, Department of Animal Physiology and Molecular Biomedicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) play a crucial role in supporting the continuous turnover of olfactory receptor neurons by promoting axon growth and targeting. While OECs have been extensively studied in mammals for their potential in treating nerve injuries, little is known about these cells in non-mammalian vertebrates. We identified and characterized the morphology of OECs, fibroblasts, and macrophages in the olfactory system of Xenopus laevis larvae.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurogenet
September 2025
Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Ribonucleoprotein granules (mRNP granules) are thought to contribute to the control of neuronal mRNA translation required for consolidation of long-term memories. Consistent with this, the function of Ataxin-2 in mRNA granule assembly has been shown to be required for long-term olfactory habituation (LTH) in , a form of non-associative memory. Knockdown of Ataxin-2 in either local interneurons (LNs) or projection neurons (PNs) of the insect antennal lobe disrupts LTH while leaving short-term habituation intact, leading to a model in which Ataxin-dependent translational control is required in both presynaptic and postsynaptic elements of the LN-PN synapse, whose potentiation has been causally linked to LTH.
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