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In a recent Letter to the Editor authored by Daungsupawong et al. in Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, titled "ChatGPT and Clinical Questions on the Practical Guideline of Blepharoptosis: Correspondence," the authors emphasized important points regarding the input language differences between input and output references. However, advanced versions, such as GPT-4, have shown marginal differences between English and Chinese inputs, possibly because of the use of larger training data. To address this issue, non-English-language-oriented large language models (LLMs) have been developed. The ability of LLMs to refer to existing references varies, with newer models, such as GPT-4, showing higher reference rates than GPT-3.5. Future research should focus on addressing the current limitations and enhancing the effectiveness of emerging LLMs in providing accurate and informative answers to medical questions across multiple languages.Level of Evidence V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00266-024-04193-w | DOI Listing |
Development
September 2025
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.
In an era of expanding reproductive possibilities, the human embryo has come to represent both immense potential and profound constraint. Advances in medically assisted reproduction (MAR) have led to the cryopreservation of hundreds of thousands of embryos each year, yet many remain unused and are ultimately discarded. Meanwhile, studies aimed at understanding infertility, early human development and preventing miscarriage continue to face significant barriers, with only a small fraction of embryos ever donated to research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Sci Monit
August 2025
Science Editor, Medical Science Monitor, International Scientific Information, Inc., Melville, NY, USA.
Real-world data are routinely collected data associated with patient health status or delivery of health care from sources including patient registries, electronic health records (EHRs), medical claims data, or digital health technologies. Real-world evidence is generated from specified clinical real-world data and includes evidence of the use, benefits, and risks of a medical product. Analysis of real-world data is the basis of real-world evidence to support the use and potential benefits or risks of a medical product.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Pharmacother
September 2025
Idaho Department of Health and Welfare, Eagle, ID, USA.
The Multistate Pharmacy Jurisprudence Examination (MPJE), despite its name, does not facilitate multistate pharmacy practice, instead requiring pharmacists to pass separate, state-specific law examinations-a process that is increasingly seen as outdated and inefficient. The proposed Uniform MPJE, targeted to launch in 2026, aims to standardize pharmacy law testing nationwide. This article examines the rationale behind the MPJE, questioning the necessity of any pharmacy law examination in an era of technological advancement, evolving regulatory models, and interprofessional parity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStat Med
September 2025
Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Factorial study designs can be important for understanding the effectiveness of interventions when multiple interventions are under investigation. In this design setting, a unit of randomization can be assigned to any combination of interventions. The rationale for taking this kind of approach can vary depending on the specific questions targeted by the research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Alcohol Rev
September 2025
Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Introduction: The Australian Guide to the Diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), developed in 2016, is currently under review. This study aimed to understand how the Guide is used in practice and identify factors influencing its implementation.
Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with Australian health practitioners involved in the assessment and diagnosis of FASD.