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Numerous studies have demonstrated the role of making choices as an internal motivator to improve performance, and recent studies in the domain of memory have focused on adults. To chart the developmental trend of the choice effect on memory, we conducted a series of seven experiments involving children, adolescents, and young adults. Participants (N = 512) aged 5 to 26 years performed a choice encoding task that manipulated the opportunities to choose and then took a memory test. Using different types of experimental materials and corroborated by a mini meta-analysis, we found that the choice effect on memory was significant in childhood and early adolescence but not significant in late adolescence and early adulthood. The developmental changes were statistically significant, particularly evident during the transition from early to late adolescence. These findings suggest that the internal value of choice decreases across development and contributes to our understanding of developmental differences in the role of choice in memory.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2024.105982 | DOI Listing |
Wien Klin Wochenschr
September 2025
Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, LMU-Klinikum München, München, Germany.
Objective: The study aims to elucidate a possible effect of individual reflection (IR) or group reflection (GR) on short-term and long-term memory retention in a large group lecture-based environment.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study 656 medical students were enrolled to compare the impact of IR and GR directly after the lectures and 2 months later. Students were divided into two groups and given two different lectures using IR or GR in a cross-over fashion.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol
September 2025
Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Background: Metamemory is the awareness of and ability to evaluate one's own cognitive abilities. This study examined impaired metamemory as a possible mechanism contributing to persistent cognitive symptoms after COVID-19.
Methods: Individuals with previous COVID-19 illness were recruited.
Front Hum Neurosci
August 2025
Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States.
Mentalizing skills-the capacity to attribute mental states-play critical roles in word learning during typical language development. In autism, mentalizing difficulties may constrain word-learning pathways, limiting language-acquisition opportunities. We ask how autistic children encode and retrieve novel words and what drives individual differences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMemory
September 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany.
Recognition memory is typically better for items learned after a free choice (independent of study material) than after a forced choice. However, previous studies presented to-be-remembered items in isolation, whereas everyday learning often occurs alongside distractors. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of free versus forced choice on recognition memory in a learning situation with both relevant (to-be-remembered) and irrelevant (to-be-ignored) items.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Ethics
September 2025
Interdisciplinary Centre for Ethics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
We respond to Gillon's critique of our data-driven analysis of the history of (), in which we used a topic model to trace intellectual trends in the journal's first 50 years. Gillon, drawing on his personal memories as 's second (and longest serving) editor, challenges several of our findings, particularly those concerning the prominence and classification of topics such as In this reply, we clarify misunderstandings that led to part of his criticisms of our method. At the same time, we also briefly discuss some nuances of topic modelling, in particular, its reliance on simplified representations of text, sensitivity to modeling choices and topic interpretations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF