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Colorectal carcinoma, a prevalent and deadly malignancy, necessitates precise histopathological assessment for effective diagnosis and prognosis. Artificial intelligence (AI) emerges as a transformative force in this realm, offering innovative solutions to enhance traditional histopathological methods. This narrative review explores AI's pioneering role in colorectal carcinoma histopathology, encompassing its evolution, techniques, and advancements. AI algorithms, notably machine learning and deep learning, have revolutionized image analysis, facilitating accurate diagnosis and prognosis prediction. Furthermore, AI-driven histopathological analysis unveils potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets, heralding personalized treatment approaches. Despite its promise, challenges persist, including data quality, interpretability, and integration. Collaborative efforts among researchers, clinicians, and AI developers are imperative to surmount these hurdles and realize AI's full potential in colorectal carcinoma care. This review underscores AI's transformative impact and implications for future oncology research, clinical practice, and interdisciplinary collaboration.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.59171 | DOI Listing |
JMIR Cancer
September 2025
Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, 1889 Museum Road, Suite 7000, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States, 1 352 294-5969.
Background: Disparities in cancer burden between transgender and cisgender individuals remain an underexplored area of research.
Objective: This study aimed to examine the cumulative incidence and associated risk factors for cancer and precancerous conditions among transgender individuals compared with matched cisgender individuals.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using patient-level electronic health record (EHR) data from the University of Florida Health Integrated Data Repository between 2012 and 2023.
PLoS One
September 2025
Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Our study represents the first effort in the Eastern Mediterranean Region to identify disparities in the quality of colorectal cancer (CRC) care in Iran.
Methods: We established a collaborative registry program for non-metastatic CRC patients to evaluate survival rates between teaching cancer centers (TCCs) and a high-volume, non-teaching, non-cancer center (NTNC). The study included a diverse patient population and considered various factors such as cancer stage, margin involvement, adherence to guidelines for adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatments, emergency surgeries, socioeconomic status, and risk of surgery.
Front Pharmacol
August 2025
Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Xuzhou Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Objective: To investigate the anticancer effects and underlying mechanisms of 8-nitrotryptanthrin (8-Nitrotryp) against colorectal cancer (CRC).
Methods: The effects of 8-Nitrotryp on proliferation, colony formation, and migration were evaluated in HCT116 and SW480 cells, with comparisons to its parent compound tryptanthrin (Tryp). Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was assessed using JC-1 staining, and early apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry.
Oncol Res
September 2025
Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201299, China.
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is common and deadly, often leading to metastasis, challenging treatment, and poor outcomes. Understanding its molecular basis is crucial for developing effective therapies.
Aims: This study aimed to investigate the role of Myosin Heavy Chain 11 (MYH11) in CRC progression, especially its effects on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell behavior, and to explore its potential regulation by the EMT transcription factor zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1).
Oncol Res
September 2025
Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia.
Objectives: Proteasomes, multi-subunit proteases, are key actors of cellular protein catabolism and a number of regulatory processes. The detection of subtle proteasome functioning in tumors may contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms of cancer development. The current study aimed to identify the role of low molecular mass protein 2 (LMP2), a proteasome immune subunit, in the development of mouse colon 26 (C26) adenocarcinoma.
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