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Electrochemical paper-based microfluidics has attracted much attention due to the promise of transforming point-of-care diagnostics by facilitating quantitative analysis with low-cost and portable analyzers. Such devices harness capillary flow to transport samples and reagents, enabling bioassays to be executed passively. Despite exciting demonstrations of capillary-driven electrochemical tests, conventional methods for fabricating electrodes on paper impede capillary flow, limit fluidic pathways, and constrain accessible device architectures. This account reviews recent developments in paper-based electroanalytical devices and offers perspective by revisiting key milestones in lateral flow tests and paper-based microfluidics engineering. The study highlights the benefits associated with electrochemical sensing and discusses how the detection modality can be leveraged to unlock novel functionalities. Particular focus is given to electrofluidic platforms that embed electrodes into paper for enhanced biosensing applications. Together, these innovations pave the way for diagnostic technologies that offer portability, quantitative analysis, and seamless integration with digital healthcare, all without compromising the simplicity of commercially available rapid diagnostic tests.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.202401148 | DOI Listing |
Talanta
September 2025
Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. Electronic address:
Food spoilage poses a global challenge with far-reaching consequences for public health, economic stability, and environmental sustainability. Conventional analytical methods for spoilage detection though accurate are often cost-prohibitive, labor-intensive, and unsuitable for real-time or field-based monitoring. Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) have emerged as a transformative technology offering rapid, portable, and cost-effective solutions for food quality assessment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetal nanoparticles (MNPs) have emerged as vital components in nanotechnology due to their unique ability to concentrate light at the nanoscale. This property makes them especially valuable in biosensing applications, where high sensitivity is essential. At the same time, cellulose-based materials like paper offer an affordable, widely available, and versatile platform, making them ideal for the development of paper-based microfluidic analytical devices (μPADs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTalanta
September 2025
Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Huishan Hospital of Xinglin College, Nantong University, Wuxi Huishan District People's Hospital, Wuxi, 214187, China. Electronic address:
Disposable electrochemical aptasensors (DEAs) hold significant promise for different analyte detection across diverse fields, due to inherent advantages of rapid response, portability, low cost, and high sensitivity. This review systematically examines the design strategies, signal amplification methodologies, and recent advances in DEAs in the fields of environmental analysis, food safety monitoring, and medical diagnostics. Specifically, it critically evaluates construction strategies for screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) and paper-based electrodes, including substrate selection, ink formulations, and key fabrication techniques such as screen printing, inkjet printing, deposition methods, and direct-writing technologies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
August 2025
Department of Biosystems Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
Astringency, a complex oral sensation resulting from interactions between mucin and polyphenols, remains difficult to quantify in portable field settings. Therefore, quantifying the aggregation through interactions can enable the classification of the astringency intensity, and assessing the capillary action driven by the surface tension offers an effective approach for this purpose. This study successfully replicates tannic acid (TA)-mucin aggregation on a paper-based microfluidic chip and utilizes machine learning (ML) to analyze the resulting capillary flow dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSemin Ophthalmol
August 2025
Centre for Ocular Regeneration, Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Champalimaud Translational Centre for Eye Research, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
Purpose: The dry eye disease(DED) is caused by many possible factors, manifesting classical symptoms such as irritation, pain, and visual disturbance, which can severely impact the quality of life. This review aims to critically evaluate currently available point‑of‑care (POC) diagnostic kits for DED, focusing on osmolarity‑based and biomarker‑based assays, while exploring emerging technologies that promise better precision and personalized management.
Methods: A comprehensive literature survey (2010-2025) was undertaken using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to identify studies assessing DED pathophysiology, tear film biomarkers, and commercially available diagnostic systems.