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Hyperreflective foci (HRFs) appear in optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of the retina and vitreous of patients with various ocular diseases. HRFs are hypothesized to be immune cells that appear in response to ischemia or tissue damage. To accurately identify HRFs and establish their clinical significance, it is necessary to replicate the detection of similar patterns in vivo in a small animal model. We combined visible-light OCT with temporal speckle averaging (TSA) to visualize and track vitreal HRFs (VHRFs) densities for three days after an optic nerve crush (ONC) injury. Resulting vis-OCT images revealed that VHRF density significantly increased approximately 10-fold at 12 h after ONC and returned to baseline three days after ONC. Additional immunohistochemistry results confirmed these VHRFs as inflammatory cells induced from optic nerve damage.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11217911 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OL.512029 | DOI Listing |
Retina
September 2025
From the Vitreous, Retina, Macula Consultants of New York, New York, NY.
Purpose: To reassess the anatomic basis of optic disc pit maculopathy (OPM) using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and to characterize the broader structural abnormalities comprising the optic pit complex.
Methods: Sixteen patients with OPM were imaged using a high-resolution SS-OCT system (DREAM OCT). Cross-sectional and volume-rendered scans were analyzed for lamina cribrosa defects, intraneural cavitations, and pathways for fluid entry into or beneath the retina.
Neurol Res
September 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Xingtai Central Hospital, Xingtai, China.
Objective: To investigate the prognostic significance of concurrent monitoring of serum S100 calcium-binding protein A12 (S100A12) and optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) in patients with traumatic intracranial hematoma.
Methods: This prospective observational study included 198 patients with traumatic intracranial hematoma from Xingtai Central Hospital (February 2022-June 2024). Serum S100A12 and ONSD were measured at admission and postoperatively, and patients received minimally invasive therapy.
Metabolomics
September 2025
Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France.
Introduction: The definition of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) does not take into account a preclinical phase during which the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) is increased, prior to optic nerve atrophy, reducing the chances of visual recovery.
Objectives: Search for a metabolomic signature characterizing this preclinical phase and identify biomarkers predicting the risk of LHON onset.
Methods And Results: The blood and tear metabolomic profiles of 90 asymptomatic LHON mutation carriers followed for one year will be explored as a function of RNFL thickness and compared to those of a healthy control.
J Glaucoma
September 2025
Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.
Precis: Artificial intelligence applied to OCTA images demonstrated high accuracy in estimating 24-2 visual field maps by leveraging information from pararpapillary area.
Purpose: To develop deep learning (DL) models estimating 24-2 visual field (VF) maps from optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) optic nerve head (ONH) en face images.
Methods: A total of 3148 VF OCTA pairs were collected from 994 participants (1684 eyes).
Am J Ophthalmol
September 2025
Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology/Emory University, Atlanta
Purpose: To characterize the 3D structural phenotypes of the optic nerve head (ONH) in patients with glaucoma, high myopia, and concurrent high myopia and glaucoma, and to evaluate their variations across these conditions.
Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.
Participants: A total of 685 optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans from 754 subjects of Singapore-Chinese ethnicity, including 256 healthy (H), 94 highly myopic (HM), 227 glaucomatous (G), and 108 highly myopic with glaucoma (HMG) cases METHODS: We segmented the retinal and connective tissue layers from OCT volumes and their boundary edges were converted into 3D point clouds.