Category Ranking
98%
Total Visits
921
Avg Visit Duration
2 minutes
Citations
20
Article Abstract
Background: Differential diagnosis of hypothalamic-optic chiasmatic gliomas (HOCGs) and craniopharyngiomas on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be quite challenging.
Purpose: To compare the MRI features of HOCGs and cranipharyngiomas.
Material And Methods: Patients diagnosed with HOCG or craniopharyngioma in histopathological evaluation between 2012 and 2022 and who underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced brain MRI were included. Various MRI features were retrospectively evaluated for each lesion: T2-weighted imaging and fluid attenuation inversion recovery hyperintensity, calcification, cystic change, T1-weighted (T1W) imaging hyperintensity of the cystic component, hemorrhage, involvement of sellar, suprasellar or other adjacent structures, lobulated appearance, presence of hydrocephalus, and contrast enhancement pattern. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were also evaluated and compared.
Results: Among 38 patients included, 13 (34%) had HOCG and 25 (66%) had craniopharyngioma. Craniopharyngiomas had a significantly higher rate of cystic changes, calcification, and T1W imaging hyperintensity of the cystic component than HOCGs ( <0.05). Of HOCGs, 92% had chiasm involvement, 23% had optic nerve involvement, and 31% had brain stem involvement. On the other hand, chiasm involvement was observed in 8% of craniopharyngiomas, but none had optic nerve and/or brain stem involvement ( <0.05). While 62% (8/13) of HOCGs had diffuse homogeneous enhancement, 80% (20/25) of craniopharyngiomas had a diffuse heterogeneous enhancement pattern. Mean ADC values were significantly higher in craniopharyngiomas compared to HOCGs (2.1 vs. 1.6 ×10mm/s, <0.05).
Conclusion: Although some neuroimaging findings may overlap, features such as presence of cyst and calcification, brain stem and optic pathway involvement, different enhancement patterns, and ADC values may be helpful in the differential diagnosis of HOCGs and craniopharyngiomas.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02841851241241527 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Comparison of MRI findings of hypothalamic-optic chiasmatic gliomas and craniopharyngiomas.
Acta Radiol
July 2024
Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
Background: Differential diagnosis of hypothalamic-optic chiasmatic gliomas (HOCGs) and craniopharyngiomas on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be quite challenging.
Purpose: To compare the MRI features of HOCGs and cranipharyngiomas.
Material And Methods: Patients diagnosed with HOCG or craniopharyngioma in histopathological evaluation between 2012 and 2022 and who underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced brain MRI were included.
Diencephalic syndrome-like presentation of brainstem tumor: a series case-based review.
Childs Nerv Syst
May 2023
Division of Pediatric Oncology, IOP-GRAACC/UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil.
Purpose: Russel described a rare clinical entity known as diencephalic syndrome (DS) in 1951, which was traditionally caused by a neoplasm in the hypothalamic-optic chiasmatic region. DS is characterized by severe emaciation despite adequate or slightly reduced caloric intake, locomotor hyperactivity, euphoria and other minor features. Current evidence suggests that a rare population of children with a similar phenotype may have their tumor located in the posterior fossa instead, defining the DS-like presentation, a rare entity with few cases reported in the literature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiencephalic syndrome: a frequently neglected cause of failure to thrive in infants.
Korean J Pediatr
January 2015
Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Purpose: Diencephalic syndrome is an uncommon cause of failure to thrive in early childhood that is associated with central nervous system neoplasms in the hypothalamic-optic chiasmatic region. It is characterized by complex signs and symptoms related to hypothalamic dysfunction; such nonspecific clinical features may delay diagnosis of the brain tumor. In this study, we analyzed a series of cases in order to define characteristic features of diencephalic syndrome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVincristine and carboplatin chemotherapy for unresectable and/or recurrent low-grade astrocytoma of the brainstem.
Pediatr Blood Cancer
September 2010
Pediatric Brain Tumor Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Background: Radiotherapy remains a widely accepted postoperative treatment modality for unresectable or recurrent low-grade glioma (LGG). However, there is increasing evidence to suggest that chemotherapy can delay and may obviate the need for radiotherapy in progressive/recurrent LGG. The majority of the published experience is in children with hypothalamic/optic chiasmatic lesions and little information is available regarding its use in LGG of the brainstem.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiencephalic syndrome: a frequently delayed diagnosis in failure to thrive.
Klin Padiatr
June 2007
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Medical University Graz, Austria.
Background: Diencephalic syndrome (DS) is a rare cause of failure to thrive in early childhood. It is associated with neoplastic lesions of the hypothalamic-optic chiasmatic region. Treatment options consist of surgical resection, radiation therapy (RT) and chemotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF