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Combined immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) for cancer exhibits good efficacy in a subset of patients but also associates with immune-related adverse events. Xue et al. use an elegant drug screening strategy to identify the antimicrobial drug clofazimine as an agent that both potentiates ICB efficacy and decreases immune-related adverse events.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccell.2024.03.007 | DOI Listing |
J Infect Dev Ctries
August 2025
Gastroenterology Division, Internal Medicine Department, Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer and Research Center (SQCCCRC), University Medical City (UMC), Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation are known complications in immunocompromised hosts, particularly transplant recipients. However, their occurrence and clinical implications in patients with solid tumors remain underexplored. The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has transformed cancer therapy, but immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including colitis, are increasingly recognized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAsia Pac J Clin Oncol
September 2025
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.
Background: In patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (R/M SCCHN), the correlation between hematological markers and treatment outcomes has been established. However, their predictive role in the development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) remains unclear.
Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study to evaluate whether pre-treatment hematological markers-including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and the CRP-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index-predict the development of irAEs in 147 patients with R/M SCCHN treated with pembrolizumab.
Front Oncol
August 2025
Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective against solid tumors but can trigger immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including adrenal insufficiency (AI). Given its impact on treatment efficacy and patient quality of life, understanding the clinical characteristics and outcomes of ICI-induced AI (ICI-AI) is critical.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 46 patients diagnosed with ICI-AI at a single center (May 2019-July 2024) and reviewed clinical trials/real-world studies on ICI-AI.
Cureus
August 2025
Norton College of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA.
Hydralazine is an antihypertensive that can induce immune-related adverse effects, such as hydralazine-induced lupus and hydralazine-induced antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). AAV involves necrotizing inflammation of small blood vessels, manifesting as fever, malaise, arthralgia, and myalgia, potentially leading to organ failure. Diagnosis includes clinical evaluation, serological testing for ANCA, and histopathological examination, confirmed by necrotizing granulomatous inflammation in affected tissues.
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August 2025
Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Division of Reparative Medicine, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, JPN.
Conversion surgery is increasingly used for initially unresectable esophageal cancer patients responding to induction therapy. The integration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) into standard chemotherapy regimens is expected to increase the number of patients undergoing this approach. However, ICIs can cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which are often difficult to diagnose in the postoperative setting.
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