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Astrocytes are no longer considered as passive support cells. In the hypothalamus, these glial cells actively participate in the control of appetite, energy expenditure, and the processes leading to obesity and its secondary complications. Here we briefly review studies supporting this conclusion and the advances made in understanding the underlying mechanisms.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00009.2024 | DOI Listing |
Animals (Basel)
August 2025
College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China.
The activation mechanism of the reproductive axis in Kazakh ewes during the non-breeding season was explored by supplementation with glycerol complex (7% glycerol + tyrosine + vitamin B9). The experiment divided 50 ewes into five groups ( = 10). After 90 days of intervention, it was found that significant changes in serum DL-carnitine, N-methyl-lysine and other differential metabolites were observed in the GLY-Tyr-B9 group ( < 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnimals (Basel)
August 2025
College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
The hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis orchestrates reproductive functions through intricate neuroendocrine crosstalk. Here, we integrated single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST) to decode the cellular heterogeneity and intercellular communication networks in the reproductive systems of pregnant Mongolian cattle. We retained a total of 6161 high-quality nuclei from the hypothalamus, 14,715 nuclei from the pituitary, and 26,072 nuclei from the ovary, providing a comprehensive cellular atlas across the HPO axis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Opin Psychiatry
September 2025
Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre.
Purpose Of Review: Late-life depression (LLD) is a prevalent condition and frequently complicated by higher rates of medical comorbidities and cognitive decline. We review the current evidence implicating inflammation in the pathophysiology of LLD and the potential of related molecules and pathways to be used as biomarkers or pharmacological targets.
Recent Findings: A growing body of evidence implicates chronic low-grade inflammation in the pathophysiology and progression of LLD.
J Reprod Dev
August 2025
Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.
Ethanolamine plasmalogens (EPls) and choline plasmalogens (CPls), unique glycerophospholipids may play important roles in milk production and reproduction in postpartum dairy cows. While CPls are more abundant in bovine blood, EPls are predominant in the brain. Brain EPls are the only recognized ligands of G protein-coupled receptor 61 (GPR61), a receptor that co-localizes with GnRH receptors on gonadotrophs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Physiol
May 2025
Sichuan Fisheries Research Institute, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Understanding how distinct brain regions of molecularly adapt to heat stress is vital for improving aquaculture sustainability and guiding conservation strategies in a warming climate. To elucidate the region-specific molecular mechanisms underlying heat stress responses in the brain of , we exposed L. longirostris to acute heat stress (32°C) for 24 h and performed RNA-seq and WGCNA on five brain regions (OB: olfactory bulb, FB: pituitary, hypothalamus, forebrain, MB: mesencephalon, CB: cerebellum, and SC: spinal cord).
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