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Most neurotransmitter systems are represented in the central and peripheral vestibular system and are thereby involved both in normal vestibular signal processing and the pathophysiology of vestibular disorders. However, there is a special relationship between the vestibular system and the histaminergic system. The purpose of this review is to document how the histaminergic system interferes with normal and pathological vestibular function. In particular, we will discuss neurobiological mechanisms such as neuroinflammation that involve histamine to modulate and allow restoration of balance function in the situation of a vestibular insult. These adaptive mechanisms represent targets of histaminergic pharmacological compounds capable of restoring vestibular function in pathological situations. The clinical use of drugs targeting the histaminergic system in various vestibular disorders is critically discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570159X22666240319123151 | DOI Listing |
Nat Commun
August 2025
Zhejiang Collaborative Innovation Center for the Brain Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
The precise structural and functional characteristics of input circuits targeting histaminergic neurons remain poorly understood. Here, using a rabies virus retrograde tracing system combined with fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography, we construct a 3D monosynaptic long-range input atlas of male mouse histaminergic neurons. We identify that the hypothalamus, thalamus, pallidum, and hippocampus constitute major input sources, exhibiting diverse spatial distribution patterns and neuronal type ratios.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pharm Pharmacol
August 2025
Medical Materia Research Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, 147 Barão de Jeremoabo, Salvador, 40170-115, Brazil.
Objectives: Natural products (NP) play a crucial role in the development of new compounds, due to their complex chemical structure and pharmacological diversity. Neurodegenerative diseases and other disorders in the central nervous system (CNS) have become a significant problem in the world due to the increase in life expectancy of the elderly population. This increases the risk of developing diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLife (Basel)
June 2025
F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
The area postrema (AP) is a circumventricular organ (CVO) at the base of the fourth ventricle. It has a crucial role in regulating nausea and vomiting due to its unique blood-brain barrier (BBB)-permeability and extensive neural connectivity. Here, we present two cases of area postrema syndrome (APS), a rare condition of intractable nausea and vomiting resulting from direct AP injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pain
August 2025
Department of Health Science and Technology, Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
Background And Objective: NMDA receptors, predominantly located in the central nervous system and known for their roles in synaptic plasticity and central sensitisation of pain and itch, are also expressed in peripheral sensory neurons. Emerging evidence suggests that peripheral NMDA receptors contribute to pathological pain and potentially itch, identifying them as promising therapeutic targets. The aim of this review is to explore the role of peripheral NMDA receptors in pain and itch and to summarise the effectiveness of topical NMDA antagonists in managing these sensations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuropharmacology
November 2025
Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Division, Neuropharmacology lab, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Koni, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India. Electronic address:
Post-traumatic stress is associated with an increased expression of anxiety traits and is reported to be accompanied by altered brain histamine content. However, the contribution of the central histaminergic system in the stress induced anxiety, still remains unclear. Therefore, the present study explored the plausible role of central histaminergic transmission in stress-induced anxiety measures in mice using LDB test and in the expression of CORT, CREB, or BDNF levels in the whole brain, PFC, amygdala, and hippocampus of mice.
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