Exploring the potential of Toxoplasma gondii in drug development and as a delivery system.

Exp Mol Med

Department of Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, South Korea.

Published: February 2024


Category Ranking

98%

Total Visits

921

Avg Visit Duration

2 minutes

Citations

20

Article Abstract

Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases are various groups of conditions that result in immune system disorders and increased cancer risk. Despite the identification of causative cytokines and pathways, current clinical treatment for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases is limited. In addition, immune-mediated inflammatory disease treatment can increase the risk of cancer. Several previous studies have demonstrated that Toxoplasma gondii manipulates the immune response by inhibiting or stimulating cytokines, suggesting the potential for controlling and maintaining a balanced immune system. Additionally, T. gondii also has the unique characteristic of being a so-called "Trojan horse" bacterium that can be used as a drug delivery system to treat regions that have been resistant to previous drug delivery therapies. In this study, we reviewed the potential of T. gondii in drug development and as a delivery system through current research on inflammation-regulating mechanisms in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10907749PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s12276-024-01165-7DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

immune-mediated inflammatory
16
delivery system
12
inflammatory diseases
12
toxoplasma gondii
8
gondii drug
8
drug development
8
development delivery
8
immune system
8
drug delivery
8
system
5

Similar Publications

Long-Term Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Autoimmune Hepatitis: over a 20-Year Population-Based Study.

Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol

September 2025

Clalit Health Services, Northern Region, Israel; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel.

Background: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic immune-mediated liver disease with a recognized, but incompletely defined, association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The long-term risk of developing IBD in AIH patients and its influence on hepatic outcomes remain unclear.

Aim: To determine the incidence and risk factors for IBD in a large AIH cohort over a 20-year follow-up and to assess its impact on liver-related complications.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Emerging diseases in wildlife pose significant diagnostic challenges, with increasing evidence that not all cases of inflammatory disease can be directly attributed to infectious pathogens. This case series shows the results of clinical examination, magnetic resonance imaging, and necropsy results of two foxes, a silver fox () and a polar fox (), with non-suppurative meningoencephalomyelitis. Extensive diagnostics, including pathogen screening and next-generation sequencing, failed to identify a definitive causative infectious agent.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Novel therapeutic approaches on molecular pathways are being developed to treat inflammatory and autoimmune cutaneous dermatoses. Apremilast is an orally administered small-molecule phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor that upregulates intracellular cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels to mediate a large array of proinflammatory cytokines as well as exerts its anti-inflammatory functions and therapeutic efficacy in skin diseases rather than an immunosuppressive mode of action. Early-phase clinical trials have demonstrated its favorable efficacy such that the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) has approved its use for the treatment of psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and Behçet's syndrome.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a rare, progressive, and immune-mediated fibroinflammatory disorder that primarily affects middle-aged men and is more prevalent in Asian populations. Although extensively studied, its pathophysiology remains incompletely understood. This case report describes a 44-year-old male presenting with multiple abscesses and progressive inflammatory symptoms, ultimately diagnosed with IgG4-RD with musculoskeletal involvement.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF