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Cannabinol (CBN), an incompletely understood metabolite for ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol, has been suggested as an analgesic. CBN interacts with endocannabinoid (CB) receptors, but is also reported to interact with non-CB targets, including various ion channels. We assessed CBN effects on voltage-dependent sodium (Nav) channels expressed heterologously and in native dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Our results indicate that CBN is a functionally-selective, but structurally-non-selective Nav current inhibitor. CBN's main effect is on slow inactivation. CBN slows recovery from slow-inactivated states, and hyperpolarizes steady-state inactivation, as channels enter deeper and slower inactivated states. Multielectrode array recordings indicate that CBN attenuates DRG neuron excitability. Voltage- and current-clamp analysis of freshly isolated DRG neurons via our automated patch-clamp platform confirmed these findings. The inhibitory effects of CBN on Nav currents and on DRG neuron excitability add a new dimension to its actions and suggest that this cannabinoid may be useful for neuropathic pain.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-024-05781-x | DOI Listing |
Tissue Cell
September 2025
Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt.
The Mediterranean Sea is home to a wide variety of fish species that exhibit carnivorous behavior, particularly during the juvenile to pre-adult stages. This study aimed to compare the tongue morphology of four Mediterranean carnivorous fish species: the dusky grouper fish (Epinephelus marginatus), John Dory fish (Zeus faber), squirrelfish (Holocentrus spp.), and red lionfish (Pterois volitans).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Orthop Relat Res
September 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Background: Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is common in adults with achondroplasia and predisposes individuals to neurogenic claudication. It remains unverified whether the severity of stenosis in patients with achondroplasia is associated with clinical outcomes. Similarly, the role of sagittal balance parameters in clinical outcomes has not been determined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChilds Nerv Syst
September 2025
Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Objective: To analyze the filum terminale (FT) of children with tethered cord syndrome (TCS) and aborted fetuses without neurological disorders in order to investigate the expression of significantly differentially expressed proteins in the FT under both pathological and physiological conditions.
Methods: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 35 FT samples were selected, and the samples were subjected to immunohistochemistry and H&E staining. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, and P < 0.
Biofabrication
September 2025
Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Prague, Prague, 162 06, CZECH REPUBLIC.
Extensive peripheral nerve injuries often lead to the loss of neurological function due to slow regeneration and limited recovery over large gaps. Current clinical interventions, such as nerve guidance conduits (NGCs), face challenges in creating biomimetic microenvironments that effectively support nerve repair. The developed GrooveNeuroTube is composed of hyaluronic acid methacrylate and gelatin methacrylate hydrogel, incorporating active agents (growth factors and antibacterial agents) encapsulated within an NGC conduit made of 3D-printed PCL grid fibers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuron
September 2025
Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:
Existing treatments for chronic pain often prove ineffective and carry adverse side effects, highlighting the need for better analgesics, including non-pharmacological treatments. We demonstrate that transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), when repeatedly applied during the early phase of nerve injury in mice, produces sustained analgesic effects by activating the dorsal column nucleus (DCN)-thalamic-cortical pathway, which transmits vibration, discriminative touch, and proprioception. Mechanistically, TENS selectively activates glutamatergic neurons in the DCN (DCN) via exciting Aβ low-threshold mechanoreceptors (Aβ-LTMRs) in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs).
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