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Wearable glucose biosensors enable noninvasive glucose monitoring, thereby enhancing blood glucose management. In this work, we present a wearable biosensor based on carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs) for glucose detection in human sweat. The biosensor consists of CBNPs, Prussian blue (PB), glucose oxidase, chitosan, and Nafion. The fabricated biosensor has a linear range of 5 µM to 1250 µM, sensitivity of 14.64 µA mM cm, and a low detection potential (-0.05 V, vs. Ag/AgCl). The detection limit for glucose was calculated as 4.83 µM. This reusable biosensor has good selectivity and stability and exhibits a good response to glucose in real sweat. These results demonstrate the potential of our CBNP-based biosensor for monitoring blood glucose in human sweat.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-024-05135-w | DOI Listing |
Cureus
August 2025
Department of Family Medicine, Akram and Rasool Hospital, Sarai Alamgir, PAK.
Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often experience hypoglycemia, an underappreciated consequence that has a major negative influence on treatment compliance and quality of life.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of hypoglycemia among patients with T2DM, with a focus on treatment types, comorbidities, and glycemic control. By providing population-specific data, the study intends to inform clinical decision-making and contribute to safer, more personalized diabetes management strategies.
Temperature (Austin)
June 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Sweating is a vital thermoregulatory mechanism in humans for maintaining thermal balance during exercise and exposure to hot environments. The development of models that predict sweat rate based on body temperature has been ongoing for over half a century. Here, we compared predicted water loss rates (WLR) from these models to actual observations collected during 780 participant-exposures in three independent laboratory-based experiments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNed Tijdschr Tandheelkd
September 2025
the Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG).
A 27-year-old man from Ethiopia had undergone an extraction of a molar in Libya ten months earlier, after which a submental swelling developed. For that reason, an oral and maxillofacial surgery department was consulted. Clinical examination showed a tender, firm-to-the-touch, non-mobile swelling with central ulceration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRes Vet Sci
September 2025
Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Interlab-UMU, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain. Electronic address:
Recent years have seen advances in clinical biochemistry of domestic animals which have highlighted comparative differences between species and have also identified fundamental aspects of the biochemical mechanisms in physiological conditions and disease, that have implications across species, including human, health and welfare. From investigations in diverse species using biochemical, immunological, proteomic and metabolomic approaches a series of species particularities and unexpected results for some biomarkers have been made. These observations cover (1) the differences between species in the acute phase protein (APP) response to infection and inflammation; (2) the non-hepatic synthesis and release in the mammary gland, adipose tissue and intestine of APP (3) the response of haptoglobin (HP) as a biomarker for stress; (4) observations in non-mammalian species related to hemopexin and HP; (5) the response of bile acids in milk to mastitis; (6) barley serine protease inhibitors being identified in bovine faeces; (7) alkaline phosphatase being present in bovine nasal secretion; (8) saliva findings with analytes such as adenine deaminase showing different activity between saliva and serum and a detergent-like surfactant protein, latherin being found in equine saliva and sweat and (9) serum enzymes and selective muscle protein reaction of Atlantic salmon as an example of the differences in biochemistry between terrestrial and aquatic species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
September 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea.
Wearable bioelectronics have advanced dramatically over the past decade, yet remain constrained by their superficial placement on the skin, which renders them vulnerable to environmental fluctuations and mechanical instability. Existing microneedle (MN) electrodes offer minimally invasive access to dermal tissue, but their rigid, bulky design-often 100 times larger and 10,000 times stiffer than dermal fibroblasts-induces pain, tissue damage, and chronic inflammation, limiting their long-term applicability. Here, a cell-stress-free percutaneous bioelectrode is presented, comprising an ultrathin (<2 µm), soft MN (sMN) that dynamically softens via an effervescent structural transformation after insertion.
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