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This study investigated the effects on odontoblast differentiation of a 3D-printed poly--caprolactone (PCL) scaffold that incorporated leptin. Material extrusion-type 3D printing with a 43 000-molecular weight PCL material was used to fabricate a PCL scaffold with a 6 mm diameter, 1 mm height, and 270-340 µm pore size. The experimental groups were PCL scaffolds (control group), PCL scaffolds with aminated surfaces (group A), and PCL scaffolds with leptin on the aminated surface (group L). The aminated surface was treated with 1,6-hexanediamine and verified by ninhydrin analysis. Leptin loading was performed using Traut's reagent and 4-(N-Maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid 3-sulfo-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester sodium salt (Sulfo-SMCC). Groups A and L showed significantly higher surface wettability, pulp cell adhesion, and proliferation than the control group. Group L exhibited increased alkaline phosphatase, calcification deposits, and mRNA and protein expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein and dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1 compared with the control group. In this study, a 3D-printed PCL scaffold containing leptin was enhanced odontoblast differentiation and dental pulp cells adhesion and proliferation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-605X/ad0d84 | DOI Listing |
Biomater Adv
September 2025
Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence & Micro Nano Sensors, Shanxi Province, College of Integrated Circuits, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China; Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, C
This study addresses critical technical challenges in fabricating functional pigmented skin models via 3D bioprinting through the synergistic integration of droplet-based deposition and precision motion control. A hybrid bioprinting strategy was developed to create multilayer biomimetic architectures: the dermal layer was fabricated through extrusion of gelatin methacryloyl-polyacrylamide (GelMA-PAM) composites, while the epidermal layer incorporated precisely patterned melanocyte-laden GelMA-PAM arrays deposited via microvalve technology, subsequently solidified and populated with keratinocytes. To enhance printing reliability, a fractional-order proportional-integral control system optimized through particle swarm optimization (PSO-FOPI) was implemented, significantly improving motor speed regulation and positioning accuracy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Mater Chem B
September 2025
School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia.
Surface modification of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) to facilitate interactions with high pI proteins is a strategy used to enhance 3D PCL scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. The approach of the current study was to firstly optimise the surface modification on 2D films and then apply to 3D scaffolds. Melt-pressed PCL films were grafted with 2-aminoethyl methacrylate gamma radiation induced grafting to introduce amine functional groups to the substrate surfaces.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCritical-sized bone defects present significant clinical challenges due to inadequate vascularization and scaffold integration. This study developed a multifunctional 3D-printed polycaprolactone (PCL)-gelatin (Gel) scaffold reinforced with Bioglass particles (BGPs) or copper dopped BGPs (CuBGPs) to synergistically enhance angiogenesis and bone regeneration in rat model. The scaffolds were fabricated by infiltrating gelatin solutions containing BGPs or CuBGPs into the pores of 3D-printed PCL matrices, followed by freeze-drying.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2025
MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Xanthan gum (XG) has performed far better than other polysaccharides for industrial purposes, e.g., food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic applications, due to its outstanding thickening effect, pseudoplastic rheological properties, and non-toxicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Mater Chem B
September 2025
Nanostructured Materials Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
Three-dimensional cell cultures on biomimetic scaffolds have gained significant attention in tissue engineering, drug delivery, and scalable cell production. Current challenges in creating an ideal scaffold are providing maximum space for cells to grow while ensuring efficient nutrient, metabolite, and gas exchange to prevent the formation of necrotic or apoptotic regions. In our work, we grow insulin-producing INS-1 cells on touch-spun polycaprolactone (PCL) fiber scaffolds.
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