98%
921
2 minutes
20
Inflammation in vascular structures due to external factors such as injury or infection inevitably leads to blood leakage. Therefore, measuring blood infiltrated into tissue may serve as an indication for the extent of an inflammatory reaction or injury. There are various methods of confirming vascular permeability in vivo and in vitro; for example, using a blood vessel permeable dye, the dye efflux can be quantitatively measured with a spectrophotometer. Although the aforementioned commonly used methods can measure leaked dye without difficulty, substantial limitations exist regarding the time points of blood leakage that can be measured. Here, we describe the details of a novel protocol to identify and analyze the real-time progression of blood leakage in vivo. This method, by combining existing methods with real-time imaging, is expected to immensely improve the visualization and evaluation of vascular permeability.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3429-5_2 | DOI Listing |
Front Cardiovasc Med
August 2025
Department of Surgery, Heart Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States.
Protein kinases have crucial roles in intracellular signal transduction pathways that affect a wide range of biochemical processes, including apoptosis, metabolism, proliferation, and protein synthesis. Vascular endothelial cells are important regulators of vasomotor tone, tissue/organ perfusion, and inflammation. Since its discovery in the late 1970s, a growing body of literature implicates protein kinase C (PKC) in pathways involving angiogenesis, endothelial permeability, microvascular tone, and endothelial activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Numer Method Biomed Eng
September 2025
School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Blood perfusion in cardiac tissues involves intricate interactions among vascular networks and tissue mechanics. Perfusion deficit is one of the leading causes of cardiac diseases, and modeling certain cardiac conditions that are clinically infeasible, invasive, or costly can provide valuable supplementary insights to aid clinicians. However, existing homogeneous perfusion models lack the complexity required for patient-specific simulations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Res
September 2025
Laboratory of Fetal Neuroprogramming, Institute of Health Sciences, University of O'Higgins, Rancagua, Chile.
Background: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) causes an adaptive redistribution of the cardiac output towards sustained cerebral vasodilation. However, the consequences of FGR and cerebral vasodilatation due to fetal hypoxia on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) are still poorly studied. This study assesses BBB permeability in the neonatal cortex of pups gestated under intrauterine hypobaric hypoxia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Rep Med
September 2025
Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address:
The success of immune checkpoint inhibitors is limited by multiple factors, including poor T cell infiltration and function within tumors, partly due to a dense extracellular matrix (ECM). Here, we investigate modulating the ECM by targeting integrin α5β1, a major fibronectin-binding and organizing integrin, to improve immunotherapy outcomes. Use of a function-blocking murinized α5β1 antibody reduces fibronectin fibril formation, enhances CD8 T cell transendothelial migration, increases vascular permeability, and decreases vessel-associated collagen.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurooncol
September 2025
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Purpose: Glioblastoma (GBM) remains one of the most aggressive primary brain tumors with poor survival outcomes and a lack of approved therapies. A promising novel approach for GBM is the application of photodynamic therapy (PDT), a localized, light-activated treatment using tumor-selective photosensitizers. This narrative review describes the mechanisms, delivery systems, photosensitizers, and available evidence regarding the potential of PDT as a novel therapeutic approach for GBM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF