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Aging is a nearly inescapable trait among organisms yet lifespan varies tremendously across different species and spans several orders of magnitude in vertebrates alone. This vast phenotypic diversity is driven by distinct evolutionary trajectories and tradeoffs that are reflected in patterns of diversification and constraint in organismal genomes. Age-specific impacts of selection also shape allele frequencies in populations, thus impacting disease susceptibility and environment-specific mortality risk. Further, the mutational processes that spawn this genetic diversity in both germline and somatic cells are strongly influenced by age and life history. We discuss recent advances in our understanding of the evolution of aging and lifespan at organismal, population, and cellular scales, and highlight outstanding questions that remain unanswered.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2023.08.005 | DOI Listing |
Food Res Int
November 2025
Tea Research Institution, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Tea Science, Tea Research Institution, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China. Electronic address:
Pu-erh raw tea (PRT), a post-fermented tea, is prized for its complex flavor profile and health-promoting properties. While extended storage enhances its sensory attributes, the decade-scale metabolic dynamics underpinning flavor evolution remain unexplored. This study comprehensively characterized non-volatile metabolomic profiles and flavor changes in PRT across a 10-year storage period (2012-2023).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioscience
September 2025
School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England, United Kingdom.
Turtles are renowned for their extreme longevity and tremendous range in body size. Theoretically, large, long-lived organisms should face higher cancer risks because of increased cell numbers and lifetime cellular turnover, yet cancer appears to be exceptionally rare in turtles. In the present article, we synthesize the current knowledge on cancer prevalence in turtles, drawing from zoo necropsies, pathology reports, and comparative oncology studies, and present new data spanning additional species that reinforce this pattern.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvol Med Public Health
July 2025
Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Life Sciences C, 427 East Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.
Background: Reproduction affects health and longevity among females across the life course. While significant focus has been devoted to the role of menarche, menopause remains understudied. Most menopause research is conducted in industrialized populations, where the risk of cardiovascular diseases increases progressively during the menopausal transition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKorean J Clin Oncol
August 2025
Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea.
Purpose: Multiple primary tumors arising in the same individual pose challenges for precision oncology, particularly in the context of hereditary cancer syndromes such as Lynch syndrome. While these tumors may originate from a shared germline predisposition, it remains unclear whether they also share somatic alterations that could be therapeutically exploited. This study aimed to characterize the extent of somatic genomic overlap between synchronous or metachronous gastric and colorectal cancers within young Korean patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFungal Biol
October 2025
Engineering Bioprocess and Biotechnology Post-Graduation Program, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address:
Lichens exemplify a unique symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae or cyanobacteria, where fungi (mycobionts) provide structural support, while algae or cyanobacteria (photobionts) provide nutrients. Recent discoveries in the order Chaetothyriales have led to the description of several lichenicolous species, underscoring an intricate relationship of some black yeast-like fungi with lichens. The present study aims to investigate public metagenomic data of lichens available in the SRA database, covering a total of 2888 samples.
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