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Objective: In routine clinical laboratories, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection is determined by reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR). In the COVID pandemic, a wide range of antigen detection tests were also in high demand. We investigated the correlation between SARS-CoV-2 NCap antigen and N gene concentration by analyzing samples from several INSTAND external quality assessment (EQA) schemes starting in March 2021. The absolute N gene concentration was measured using reverse transcriptase digital PCR (RT-dPCR) as reference value. Moreover, the performance of five commercial ELISA tests using an EQA inactivated SARS-CoV-2 sample at different concentrations was assessed on the basis of these reference values.
Results: Quantitative ELISA and RT-dPCR results showed a good correlation between SARS-CoV-2 NCap antigen and RNA concentration, but this correlation varies among SARS-CoV-2 isolates. A direct correlation between SARS-CoV-2 NCap antigen concentration and genome concentration should not be generally assumed.
Conclusion: Further correlation studies between SARS-CoV-2 RNA and NCap antigen concentrations are needed, particularly in clinical samples and for emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, to support the monitoring and improvement of antigen testing.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-023-06497-7 | DOI Listing |
JCI Insight
September 2025
Ragon Institute of Mass General Brigham, Cambridge, United States of America.
Background: The SARS-CoV-2 virus has evolved subvariants since the emergence of the omicron variant in 2021. Whether these changes impact viral shedding and transmissibility is not known.
Methods: POSITIVES is a prospective longitudinal cohort of individuals with mild SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Minerva Dent Oral Sci
September 2025
Department of Dental Research Cell, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, India.
The COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in India, continues to pose a major threat to public health owing to the large number of patients that remain affected. The second wave of COVID-19 has brought with it several opportunistic diseases caused by bacteria and fungi, including mucormycosis, which is a well-known fungal infection primarily encountered in immunocompromised individuals through inhalation. In recent times, mucormycosis has become increasingly common in COVID-19 patients, particularly those with comorbidities such as diabetes, and has been observed to induce secondary infections as it spreads with COVID-19 treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicine (Baltimore)
September 2025
Institute for Medical Education, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Long COVID, or post-COVID-19 condition, is characterized by symptoms persisting beyond 12 weeks after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, affecting individuals regardless of acute disease severity. Fatigue - often linked with depression and anxiety - is among its most debilitating manifestations. However, the associations between fatigue subtypes (physical vs mental), mental health symptoms, and acute disease severity on long-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL) remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Glob Health
September 2025
Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, MINES, Marseille, France.
Introduction: Several sub-Saharan African countries are launching malaria vaccination programmes for children. We assessed how attitudes to malaria vaccination for children could be better understood by considering the individual dynamics of COVID-19 vaccine intention/uptake over the 2021-2023 campaigns, with a view to highlighting barriers likely to affect malaria vaccine uptake.
Methods: We conducted a six-wave telephone-based survey of 600 randomly selected Senegalese households.
PLoS Comput Biol
September 2025
Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Understanding acute infectious disease dynamics at individual and population levels is critical for informing public health preparedness and response. Serological assays, which measure a range of biomarkers relating to humoral immunity, can provide a valuable window into immune responses generated by past infections and vaccinations. However, traditional methods for interpreting serological data, such as binary seropositivity and seroconversion thresholds, often rely on heuristics that fail to account for individual variability in antibody kinetics and timing of infection, potentially leading to biased estimates of infection rates and post-exposure immune responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF