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We present a physically appealing and elegant picture for quantum computing, using rules constructed for a game of darts. A dartboard is used to represent the state space in quantum mechanics, and the act of throwing the dart is shown to have close similarities to the concept of measurement or collapse of the wave function in quantum mechanics. The analogy is constructed in arbitrary dimensional spaces, that is, using arbitrary dimensional dartboards, and for such arbitrary spaces this also provides us a "visual" description of uncertainty. Finally, connections between qubits and quantum computing algorithms are also made, opening the possibility to construct analogies between quantum algorithms and coupled dart throws.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04262 | DOI Listing |
Mol Divers
September 2025
Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
Cyclin-dependent kinase 20 (CDK20), also known as cell cycle-related kinase (CCRK), plays a pivotal role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression by regulating β-catenin signaling and promoting uncontrolled proliferation. Despite its emerging significance, selective small-molecule inhibitors of CDK20 remain unexplored. In this study, a known CDK20 inhibitor, ISM042-2-048, was employed as a reference to retrieve structurally similar compounds from the PubChem database using an 85% similarity threshold.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Sci Instrum
September 2025
International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Radio frequency (RF) control is a key technique in cold atom experiments. We present a compact and efficient RF circuit based on a capacitive transformer network, where a low-frequency coil operating up to 30 MHz serves as both an intrinsic inductor and a power-sharing element. The design enables high current delivery and flexible impedance matching across a wide frequency range.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Theory Comput
September 2025
Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
We present a novel, flexible framework for electronic structure interfaces designed for nonadiabatic dynamics simulations, implemented in Python 3 using concepts of object-oriented programming. This framework streamlines the development of new interfaces by providing a reusable and extendable code base. It supports the computation of energies, gradients, various couplings─like spin-orbit couplings, nonadiabatic couplings, and transition dipole moments─and other properties for an arbitrary number of states with any multiplicities and charges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Comput Neurosci
August 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Artificial neural networks are limited in the number of patterns that they can store and accurately recall, with capacity constraints arising from factors such as network size, architectural structure, pattern sparsity, and pattern dissimilarity. Exceeding these limits leads to recall errors, eventually leading to catastrophic forgetting, which is a major challenge in continual learning. In this study, we characterize the theoretical maximum memory capacity of single-layer feedforward networks as a function of these parameters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Phys
September 2025
Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Background: Understanding respiratory motions of liver and its surrogate organs is crucial for precise dose delivery in liver cancer radiotherapy. Although these motions have been studied for respiratory motion management in the supine posture, few studies have quantified them and evaluated their correlations in the upright posture.
Purpose: This study quantified the respiratory motions of liver and surrogate organs and evaluated the correlations between the liver motions and surrogate signals for respiratory motion monitoring in both the supine and upright postures.