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The vaginal microbiota plays a critical role in the health of the female genital tract, and its composition contributes to gynecological disorders and infertility. Lactobacilli are the dominant species in the female genital tract: their production of lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and bacteriocins prevents the invasion and growth of pathogenic microorganisms. Several factors such as hormonal changes, age of reproduction, sexual practices, menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and antimicrobial drugs use can cause imbalance and dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiota. This review aims to highlight the impact of the vaginal microbiota in Assisted Reproductive Technology techniques (ART) and it examines the factors that influence the vaginal microbiota, the consequences of dysbiosis, and potential interventions to restore a healthy female genital tract.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11061443 | DOI Listing |
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol
September 2025
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran - Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Introduction: Anogenital warts (AGW) are benign proliferative lesions on the epithelium or mucosa caused by (HPV) types 6 and 11. HPV infection occurs when viral particles enter the basal cells through microtrauma in the epithelium. AGW demonstrate a predilection for involvement of any region of the genitalia, anal or perianal area, inguinal, pubic region, and is very common in the traumatized area during sexual intercourse.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Virol
September 2025
Department of Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a leading cause of cervical cancer worldwide. While prophylactic vaccines exist, many women remain at risk due to prior exposure or limited access to vaccination. Current treatments focus on ablating visible lesions but often fail to clear the virus completely.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cell Mol Med
September 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) poses significant challenges in reproductive health, with emerging evidence implicating DNA damage repair pathways. While GADD45A is a critical regulator of DNA repair, cell cycle and apoptosis, its role in DOR pathogenesis remains unexplored. We employed transcriptome sequencing, qPCR and Western Blot analyses to compare GADD45A expression in granulosa cells (GCs) between DOR patients and controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPestic Biochem Physiol
November 2025
Department of GreenBio Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Bromuconazole, a widely used triazole-based pesticide, effectively controls fungal diseases in agriculture. Bromuconazole cause a potential toxic effect to non-target organisms and can have a negative impact on reproductive health in women, due to its long half-life and bioaccumulation ability. This study identifies the cytotoxicity and adverse effects of bromuconazole on trophoblastic cells (HTR-8/SVneo) and human endometrial cells (T HESCs), which are involved in implantation processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReprod Biomed Online
May 2025
Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address:
Research Question: What is the composition of bacterial communities at various genital sites and are there potential interactions between partners' microbiota?
Design: This observational study involved metagenomic analyses of samples collected from male and female partners of couples undergoing fertility treatment. Samples included vaginal and penile swabs, as well as follicular fluid and semen, which were analysed using next-generation sequencing.
Results: The bacterial community profiles of different genital tract niches were distinct, niche-specific compositions, with female samples predominantly featuring Lactobacillus species and male samples displaying greater microbial diversity, including genital-specific and skin-associated taxa.