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Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between fibroblast growth factor/receptor (FGF/FGFR) and non-syndromic orofacial cleft (NSOC) in individuals of Han Chinese.
Design: Initially, we performed RNA-Seq between non-syndromic cleft lip only (NSCLO) or non-syndromic cleft palate only (NSCPO) and control groups. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were carried out to evaluate the functions of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of FGF/FGFR. Then, we selected the most significant DEG FGFR2 and performed an association analysis in Chinese. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) and haplotype analyses were performed with HaploView and PLINK. Additional bioinformatics functional prediction for the notable single nucleotide polymorphisms was performed with HaploReg V4.1 and 3DSNP.
Results: Finally, we identified 32 mRNAs related to FGF/FGFR via RNA-Seq and chose FGFR2 in the subsequent association analysis. Results indicated that the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2288336 in FGFR2 contributed significantly to both non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) and NSCLO, with p values of 5.00E-05 (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.70-0.88) and 1.38E-04 (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.65-0.87), respectively. In addition, rs3793893 in FGFR2 was found to be associated with NSCLO, with a p value of 1.02E-04 (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.55-0.82).
Conclusions: Our research demonstrated that FGFR2 is significantly more involved in NSOC than other FGF/FGFRs in Chinese and further identified rs2288336 and rs3793893 in FGFR2 associated with NSOC subtypes, which provide further evidence for the genetic etiology of NSOC in Han Chinese.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105750 | DOI Listing |
Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi
September 2025
Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University & State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu 610041, China.
Non-syndromic cleft palate only is one of the most common congenital craniofacial malformations, arising from complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. In recent years, animal models have been extensively utilized in cleft palate research, especially in conjunction with multi-omics technologies such as single-cell RNA sequencing, transcriptomics, proteomics, and epigenomics. These approaches have revealed multidimensional molecular mechanisms underlying cleft palate formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi
September 2025
Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University & State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu 610041, China.
This study aims to preliminarily investigate the role of methylation in the epigenetic regulation of the pathogenesis of non-syndromic orofacial clefts (NSOC), to address the gaps in previous explorations of susceptibility genes associated with NSOC. We conducted an association analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genes related to methylation using data from a large-scale genome-wide association study involving Han Chinese patients with non-syndromic orofacial clefts and healthy controls. A significant association was found between NSOC and the DNA methylation gene TET1, as well as the histone methylation gene NSD1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Arch Paediatr Dent
September 2025
Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
Purpose: To assess the association between non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) and developmental defects of enamel (DDE), including the DDE subtypes, such as molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) and hypomineralised second primary molars (HSPM).
Methods: This cross-sectional study with a comparison group included individuals with and without NSCL/P ("NSCL/P group" and "control group," respectively). The NSCL/P group was recruited from a specialised craniofacial centre, and the control group was randomly selected from a population-based sample of schoolchildren, in a 1:2 ratio.
Genes (Basel)
July 2025
Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Background/objectives: Maternal exposures are known to influence the risk of isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P)-a common and highly heritable birth defect with a multifactorial etiology.
Methods: To identify new risk loci, we conducted a genome-wide gene-environment interaction (GEI) analysis of CL/P with maternal smoking and vitamin use in Filipinos ( = 540, = 260). Since GEI analyses are typically low in power and the results can be difficult to interpret, we applied multiple testing frameworks to evaluate potential GEI effects: a one degree-of-freedom (1df) GxE test, the 3df joint test, and the two-step EDGE approach.
Genes (Basel)
July 2025
Division of Research and Treatment for Oral and Maxillofacial Congenital Anomalies, Aichi Gakuin University, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan.
Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCL/P) is a common, multifactorial congenital anomaly. As genetic associations can be population-specific, this study aimed to investigate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the , , and genes for association with NSCL/P in a Japanese cohort. A case-control study was conducted with 310 Japanese patients with NSCL/P and 308 ethnically matched healthy controls from Aichi Gakuin Dental Hospital.
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