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Surface electromyography (sEMG) is generally used to measure muscles' activity. The sEMG signal can be affected using several factors and vary among individuals and even measurement trials. Thus, to consistently evaluate data among individuals and trials, the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) value is usually calculated and used to normalize sEMG signals. However, the sEMG amplitude collected from low back muscles can be frequently larger than that found when conventional MVC measurement procedures are used. To address this limitation, in this study, we proposed a new dynamic MVC measurement procedure for low back muscles. Inspired by weightlifting, we designed a detailed dynamic MVC procedure, and then collected data from 10 able-bodied participants and compared their performances using several conventional MVC procedures by normalizing the sEMG amplitude for the same test. The sEMG amplitude normalized by our dynamic MVC procedure showed a much lower value than those obtained using other procedures (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, with < 0.05), indicating that the sEMG collected during dynamic MVC procedure had a larger amplitude than those of conventional MVC procedures. Therefore, our proposed dynamic MVC obtained sEMG amplitudes closer to its physiological maximum value and is thus more capable of normalizing the sEMG amplitude for low back muscles.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23114999 | DOI Listing |
Eur J Neurosci
August 2025
Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, UK.
Human movement involves a dynamic interplay of isometric, concentric, and eccentric muscle actions. There is a need to understand the contribution of the reticulospinal tract (RST) to human movement control during different muscle actions. This research aimed to determine the excitability of the RST during isometric, concentric, and eccentric muscle actions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurophysiol
August 2025
Department of Neurology and Neurological Rehabilitation, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Ipsilateral primary motor cortex (M1) contributions to force production are recognized, whereas conflicting evidence persists regarding movement-modulated short-interval interhemispheric inhibition (SIHI) dynamics and their role in force control precision. This study systematically investigates how ipsilateral M1 regulates unimanual force production through SIHI, focusing on its dual role in force production and force control precision. used short trains of 10-Hz transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to evaluate the effects of disruption on the ongoing activity of ipsilateral M1 on force-tracking variability during 20% and 50% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGames Health J
July 2025
Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Yakutiye, Erzurum, Turkey.
Pain, decreased muscle strength, regression in activities of daily living (ADL), narrowing of joint range of motion (ROM), impairment of proprioceptive sense, and deterioration in static-dynamic balance are frequently observed in knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The aim of this study is to examine the effect of nonimmersive virtual reality (NIVR) application on muscle excitability and motor neuron pool activation level around the knee, balance, proprioception, physical function level, independence levels in ADL, muscle endurance, and patient satisfaction in patients with KOA. Forty patients with KOA were randomized to an experimental group (EG; = 20) and a sham-controlled group (SG; = 20).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Exerc Sci
June 2025
Research Centre for Sports Physiology, Hungarian University of Sport Science, Budapest, Hungary.
Knee injuries are very common in soccer players. High loads on the knee during landing or changes of direction can lead to a valgus shift of the knee, known as Dynamic Knee Valgus (DKV). Many studies have shown that a large shift in DKV is a predisposing factor for knee injuries and disease, such as anterior cruciate ligament injury (ACL), patellofemoral pain syndrome or osteoarthritis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Biomech
December 2025
School of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
Maximum voluntary contractions (MVCs) are the standard normalization method for muscle activity, but can be hindered by pain and injury. Submaximal normalization may be a viable option. The study objective was to compare muscle activation between symptomatic and asymptomatic groups with MVC and submaximal normalization to determine if similar relative between-groups differences could be detected.
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