Integration of CuS/ZnInS flower-like heterojunctions and (MnCo)FeO nanozyme for signal amplification and their application to ultrasensitive PEC aptasensing of cancer biomarker.

Vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF) is a crucial regulator of angiogenesis and works as a major protein biomarker of cancer metastasis. Therefore, its quantitative detection is pivotal in clinic. In this work, CuS/ZnInS flower-like heterojunctions had strong and stable photocurrents, which behaved as photoactive material to construct a photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptasensor for detecting VEGF, combined by home-prepared (MnCo)FeO nanozyme-mediated signal amplification. The interfacial photo-induced electron transfer mechanism was chiefly discussed by UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in details. Specifically, the (MnCo)FeO modified VEGF aptamer was released from the PEC aptasensing platform for its highly specific affinity to target VEGF, which terminated the color precipitation reaction, ultimately recovering the PEC signals. The developed sensor displayed a wider linear range from 1 × 10 to 1 × 10 pg mL with a smaller limit of detection (LOD) of 0.1 fg mL. This study provides some valuable insights for building other ultrasensitive aptasensors for clinical assays of cancer biomarkers in practice.