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Volitional production of complex behaviors can be motivated by intrinsic rewards and also by extrinsic cues, like social engagement. A new study has revealed the neural circuit permitting social motivation to release multi-component courtship behaviors in a songbird, specifically the zebra finch.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2023.03.064 | DOI Listing |
Phys Rev Lett
August 2025
Southern University of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Quantum Functional Materials, and Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Quantum Science, Shenzhen 518055, China.
Quantum computing is expected to provide an exponential speedup in machine learning. However, optimizing the data loading process, commonly referred to as "quantum data embedding," to maximize classification performance remains a critical challenge. In this Letter, we propose a neural quantum embedding (NQE) technique based on deterministic quantum computation with one qubit (DQC1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Comput Biol
September 2025
Faculty of Science, Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Predictive coding (PC) proposes that our brains work as an inference machine, generating an internal model of the world and minimizing predictions errors (i.e., differences between external sensory evidence and internal prediction signals).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCereb Cortex
August 2025
Section of Brain Function Information, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan.
This study aimed to identify brain activity modulations associated with different types of visual tracking using advanced functional magnetic resonance imaging techniques developed by the Human Connectome Project (HCP) consortium. Magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from 27 healthy volunteers using a 3-T scanner. During a single run, participants either fixated on a stationary visual target (fixation block) or tracked a smoothly moving or jumping target (smooth or saccadic tracking blocks), alternating across blocks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomed Opt
September 2025
Fraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Circuits and Systems IMS, Duisburg, Germany.
Significance: The spatial and temporal distribution of fluorophore fractions in biological and environmental systems contains valuable information about the interactions and dynamics of these systems. To access this information, fluorophore fractions are commonly determined by means of their fluorescence emission spectrum (ES) or lifetime (LT). Combining both dimensions in temporal-spectral multiplexed data enables more accurate fraction determination while requiring advanced and fast analysis methods to handle the increased data complexity and size.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neural Circuits
September 2025
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Neuronal networks in animal brains are considered to realize specific filter functions through the precise configuration of synaptic weights, which are autonomously regulated without external supervision. In this study, we employ a single Hodgkin-Huxley-type neuron with autapses as a minimum model to computationally investigate how spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) adjusts synaptic weights through recurrent feedback. The results show that the weights undergo oscillatory potentiation or depression with respect to autaptic delay and high-frequency stimulation.
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