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Coleoid cephalopods have a high intelligence, complex structures, and large brain. The cephalopod brain is divided into supraesophageal mass, subesophageal mass and optic lobe. Although much is known about the structural organization and connections of various lobes of octopus brain, there are few studies on the brain of cephalopod at the molecular level. In this study, we demonstrated the structure of an adult Octopus minor brain by histomorphological analyses. Through visualization of neuronal and proliferation markers, we found that adult neurogenesis occurred in the vL and posterior svL. We also obtained specific 1015 genes by transcriptome of O. minor brain and selected OLFM3, NPY, GnRH, and GDF8 genes. The expression of genes in the central brain showed the possibility of using NPY and GDF8 as molecular marker of compartmentation in the central brain. This study will provide useful information for establishing a molecular atlas of cephalopod brain.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00429-023-02647-6 | DOI Listing |
Clin Epigenetics
September 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Background: Work-related stress is a well-established contributor to mental health decline, particularly in the context of burnout, a state of prolonged exhaustion. Epigenetic clocks, which estimate biological age based on DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns, have been proposed as potential biomarkers of chronic stress and its impact on biological aging and health. However, their role in mediating the relationship between work-related stress, physiological stress markers, and burnout remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Res Ther
September 2025
Department of Neurology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Straße, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and animal models exhibit an altered gut microbiome that is associated with pathological changes in the brain. Intestinal miRNA enters bacteria and regulates bacterial metabolism and proliferation. This study aimed to investigate whether the manipulation of miRNA could alter the gut microbiome and AD pathologies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome Biol
September 2025
Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany.
Background: Most RNA-seq datasets harbor genes with extreme expression levels in some samples. Such extreme outliers are usually treated as technical errors and are removed from the data before further statistical analysis. Here we focus on the patterns of such outlier gene expression to investigate whether they provide insights into the underlying biology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Psychol
September 2025
Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, 510631, Guangzhou, China.
With the persistence of difficult employment, a large number of college students feel anxious and nervous about job hunting. College students with different family economic status have various feelings and performances when faced with employment, possibly due to subjective social class differences. The present study investigated the employment confidence of 611 undergraduates in Chongqing, aimed to ascertain the overall employment confidence of Chinese college students, and tried to analyze how subjective social class works on the employment confidence of college students and its influencing mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Proced Online
September 2025
Division of Surface Physics, Department of Physics and Earth System Sciences, University of Leipzig, Linnéstr. 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
Background: Organotypic long-term cultivation of vascularized retina explants is a major challenge for application in drug development, drug screening, diagnostics and future personalized medicine. With this background, an assay and protocol for organotypic culture of vascularized retina explants in vitro with optimum tissue integrity preservation is developed and demonstrated.
Methods: Morphological, histologic and biochemical integrity as well as viability of vascularized retina explants are compared as function of cultivation time for differently structured nanotube scaffolds.