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During the last decade, thanks to omics technologies, new light has been shed on the pathogenesis of many diseases. Genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics have helped to provide a better understanding of the origin and heterogeneity of several diseases. However, the risk factors for most autoimmune diseases remain unknown. The successes and pitfalls of omics have also been observed in nephrology, including immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), the most common form of glomerulonephritis and a principal cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Unfortunately, the immense progress in basic research has not yet been followed by the satisfactory development of a targeted treatment. Although, most omics studies describe changes in the immune system, there is still insufficient data to apply their results in the constantly evolving multi-hit pathogenesis model and thus do to provide a complete picture of the disease. Here, we describe recent findings regarding the pathophysiology of IgAN and link omics studies with immune system dysregulation. This review provides insights into specific IgAN markers, which may lead to the identification of potential targets for personalised treatment in the future.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00005-023-00677-w | DOI Listing |
Cardiovasc Diabetol
September 2025
Computational Biomedicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Mainz, Germany.
Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, such as Empagliflozin, are antidiabetic drugs that reduce glucose levels and have emerged as a promising therapy for patients with heart failure (HF), although the exact molecular mechanisms underlying their cardioprotective effects remain to be fully elucidated. The EmDia study, a randomized, double-blind trial conducted at the University Medical Center of Mainz, has confirmed the beneficial effects of Empagliflozin in HF patients after both one and twelve weeks of treatment. In this work, we aimed to assess whether changes in lipid profiles driven by Empagliflozin use in HF patients in the EmDia trial could assist in gaining a better understanding of its cardioprotective mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Methods
September 2025
Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
The growing availability of single-cell omics datasets presents new opportunities for reuse, while challenges in data transfer, normalization and integration remain a barrier. Here we present scvi-hub: a platform for efficiently sharing and accessing single-cell omics datasets using pretrained probabilistic models. It enables immediate execution of fundamental tasks like visualization, imputation, annotation and deconvolution on new query datasets using state-of-the-art methods, with massively reduced storage and compute requirements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNaunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
September 2025
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Periodontal disease (PD) is a common and complex oral health problem that affects teeth and gums, leading to tooth loss, misalignment, and infection, with significant impact. Identifying the cause and developing new treatments is crucial. This study employed Mendelian randomization (MR), single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), and integrated transcriptomics to identify key gene signatures associated with periodontitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
September 2025
College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China. Electronic address:
This research explored the effects of ginseng residue oligosaccharides (GRO-N) and ginseng polysaccharides (GP-N) on alleviating allergic rhinitis (AR). In a rat model induced by ovalbumin (OVA), both high doses of GRO-N (GRO-N-H) and GP-N (GP-N-H) significantly decreased the frequency of sneezing and rubbing behaviors in AR-affected rats. Histopathological evaluations and cytokine analyses revealed that GRO-N-H and GP-N-H notably lowered the count of goblet cells and reduced inflammatory cytokine levels in these rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Affect Disord
September 2025
The Radiology Department of Shanxi Provincial People' Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China. Electronic address:
Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a diagnostic model for bipolar disorder (BD) using Genetic Algorithm-Optimized Kernel Partial Least Squares (GA-KPLS) and to identify key genes associated with the disorder.
Methods: Gene expression data from 448 BD patients were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The GA-KPLS model was constructed and compared with six traditional models: Random Forest, LASSO, Ridge Regression, Support Vector Machine, Neural Network, and Logistic Regression.