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Saliva is an easily sampled matrix containing a variety of biochemical information, which can be correlated with the individual health status. The fast, straightforward analysis of saliva by vibrational (ATR-FTIR and Raman) spectroscopy is a good premise for large-scale preclinical studies to aid translation into clinics. In this work, the effects of saliva collection (spitting/swab) and processing (two different deproteinization procedures) were explored by principal component analysis (PCA) of ATR-FTIR and Raman data and by investigating the effects on the main saliva metabolites by reversed-phase chromatography (RPC-HPLC-DAD). Our results show that, depending on the bioanalytical information needed, special care must be taken when saliva is collected with swabs because the polymeric material significantly interacts with some saliva components. Moreover, the analysis of saliva before and after deproteinization by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy allows to obtain complementary biological information.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo13030393 | DOI Listing |
Adv Eng Mater
July 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, US.
Highly contagious respiratory infection diseases such as COVID-19 can be transmitted by inhaling virus laden liquid droplets and short-range aerosols, released by an infected person. Particularly, in hospitals, spraying of the respiratory droplets containing pathogens from the conjunctiva or mucus of a susceptible person plays a key role in transferring the infectious diseases. N95 filtering respirators are a critical personal protective equipment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFERJ Open Res
September 2025
School of Psychology, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.
Background: While some research shows that dogs are able to detect lung cancer at above-chance levels using breath samples, the relative utility of other sample types has not been established. We evaluated the comparative utility of human breath and saliva samples for lung cancer detection using dogs.
Methods: Seven dogs assessed breath and saliva samples from 154 patients attending a general respiratory clinic.
Cureus
August 2025
Prosthodontics, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thrissur, IND.
Background and objectives With the continuous presence of microflora, saliva, and frequent intake of coloured food, the colour stability of any aesthetic material may become compromised. Hence, the present study was conducted to evaluate the influence of tea, coffee, and turmeric solutions on the colour stability of commercially available heat-cured and autopolymerizing denture base acrylic resins as well as a soft lining material. Methods Twenty-four rectangular samples measuring 20 mm × 15 mm × 2 mm were prepared for each type of test material.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethodsX
December 2025
Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal-132001, India.
In vitro simulation of rumen fermentation is critical for improving feed efficiency, assessing dietary interventions, and supporting methane mitigation strategies in ruminant production systems. However, existing fermentation platforms are often expensive, technically complex, or poorly suited for long-term microbial viability under near-rumen conditions-especially in resource-limited settings. This study presents the development and validation of a modular, low-cost engineered to replicate key physiological parameters of the rumen, including temperature control (39-40 °C), continuous buffering via artificial saliva infusion, anaerobic regulation, and simulated motility through mixing pumps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTemperature (Austin)
April 2025
Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden.
Heat exposure after exercise may enhance recovery of physical performance but can also impose additional physiological stress on athletes. This study investigated the effects of post-exercise infrared sauna (IRS) on adrenal and autonomic nervous system (ANS) responses and examined how these responses adapt over time during a 6-week training intervention. Forty female team-sport athletes were pair-matched into an IRS-group and a control group (CON).
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