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Understanding structure-mechanochemical reactivity relationships is important for informing the rational design of new stimuli-responsive polymers. To this end, establishing accurate reaction kinetics for mechanophore activation is a key objective. Here, we validate an initial rates method that enables the accurate and rapid determination of rate constants for ultrasound-induced mechanochemical transformations. Experimental reaction profiles are well-aligned with theoretical models, which support that the initial rates method effectively deconvolutes the kinetics of specific mechanophore activation from the competitive process of nonspecific chain scission.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00054 | DOI Listing |
Int J STD AIDS
September 2025
Centre for Communicable Diseases Control and Research, Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria.
BackgroundMother-to-Child Transmission (MTCT) of HIV continues to be a critical public health issue, particularly in high-prevalence regions. This study examines the rates of MTCT in relation to antenatal booking, parity, antiretroviral (ARV) use, delivery mode, CD4 counts, and infant feeding practices.MethodsA retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria, involving pregnant women living with HIV attending the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) program.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin J Am Soc Nephrol
September 2025
University College London Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children and Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
Background: Experience with icodextrin use in children on long-term peritoneal dialysis is limited. We describe international icodextrin prescription practices and their impact on clinical outcomes: ultrafiltration, blood pressure control, residual kidney function (RKF), technique and patient survival.
Methods: We included patients under 21 years enrolled in the International Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Network (IPPN) between 2007 and 2024, on automated PD with a daytime dwell.
Diabetes Ther
September 2025
Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, 893 Delaware Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46225, USA.
Introduction: This study examines the characteristics of adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) who were not initially treated with an antihyperglycemic agent (AHA).
Methods: The analyses used Optum de-identified Market Clarity data from January 2013 through September 2023. The US study included nonpregnant adults with T2D who were continuously insured from 1 year prior through 5 years post diagnosis and did not fill a prescription for an AHA in the year after their initial T2D diagnosis.
Pediatr Surg Int
September 2025
Pediatric Surgery Department, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia.
Purpose: This meta-analysis compares thoracoscopic versus open thoracotomy repair of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TEF).
Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus from inception to April 2025 for studies comparing thoracoscopic versus conventional thoracotomy approaches. Two independent reviewers screened studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias using appropriate tools.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry
September 2025
Center of Clinical Investigations, APHP.Nord, INSERM CIC1426, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris, France.
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly worsened mental health (MH) challenges among young people. We aimed to assess changes in mental health-related outpatient care before and after the onset of the pandemic. In this nationwide cross-sectional study, we retrieved visits to general practitioners (GP) resulting in the coding of a MH disorder and/or the prescribing of any psychotropic medication for children aged 6 to 17 years, from January 1, 2016 to May 31, 2022 in France.
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