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Semi-synthetic derivatives of camptothecin, a quinoline alkaloid found in the Camptotheca acuminata tree, are potent anticancer agents. Here we discovered two C. acuminata cytochrome P450 monooxygenases that catalyze regio-specific 10- and 11-oxidations of camptothecin, and demonstrated combinatorial chemoenzymatic C-H functionalizations of the camptothecin scaffold using the new enzymes to produce a suite of anticancer drugs, including topotecan (Hycamtin®) and irinotecan (Camptosar®). This work sheds new light into camptothecin metabolism, and represents greener approaches for accessing clinically relevant camptothecin derivatives.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42004-021-00602-2 | DOI Listing |
Ann Acad Med Singap
August 2025
Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.
Introduction: Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) has revolutionised treatment for metastatic breast cancer (MBC). While effective, its high cost and toxicities, such as fatigue and nausea, pose challenges.
Method: Medical records from the Joint Breast Cancer Registry in Singapore were used to study MBC patients treated with T-DXd (February 2021-June 2024).
Cancer Med
September 2025
Adem Crosby Cancer Centre, Department of Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Care Services, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia.
Background: The three main chemotherapy regimens for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer include modified FOLFIRINOX (comprising oxaliplatin, irinotecan and fluorouracil, denoted mFFX), gemcitabine with nab-paclitaxel (GnP), and single-agent gemcitabine (GEM). We explored characteristics associated with the type of chemotherapy and variations in survival.
Materials And Methods: Records for people with unresected pancreatic adenocarcinoma between 2018 and 2022 treated with first-line mFFX, GnP or GEM were extracted from the population-based Queensland Oncology Repository.
J Med Chem
September 2025
UMR 1100, Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (CEPR), Team Proteolytic enzymes and their pharmacological targeting in lung diseases, University of Tours, Inserm, F-37032 Tours, France.
The prognosis of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer has significantly improved with the advent of anti-HER2 therapies, especially antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). In this field, ADCs, like trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), using camptothecin analogs, represent a promising strategy. However, T-DXd can induce resistance and serious adverse effects, potentially driven by a non-specific Fcγ receptor-mediated endocytosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJCO Precis Oncol
September 2025
Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.
Purpose: FOLFIRINOX (FFX) and gemcitabine + nab-paclitaxel (GnP) are the most commonly administered first-line (1L) regimens for advanced, nonresectable, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In the absence of biomarkers to predict response, clinical covariates such as age and performance status are often used by clinicians to select optimal treatment regimens. Purity independent subtyping of tumors (PurIST) is a molecular subtyping algorithm that classifies tumors as classical or basal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Chem
September 2025
School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.
The blocking interaction between p53 and its negative regulator MDM2 is an engaging therapeutic strategy for antitumor drug development, and there are several drug candidates of p53-MDM2 inhibitors in clinical trials. In the present study, novel drug conjugates of p53-MDM2 inhibitors and topoisomerase I (TOP1) inhibitors have been designed based on bioinformatics analysis results of ten tumor tissues. Among them, showed potent antiproliferative activity against three cell lines HCT116, SJSA-1, and A549, with the strongest p53-MDM2 and TOP1 inhibitory activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF