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http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291722003907 | DOI Listing |
Front Hum Neurosci
August 2025
Baptist Medical Center, Department of Behavioral Health, Jacksonville, FL, United States.
Introduction: This study investigates four subdomains of executive functioning-initiation, cognitive inhibition, mental shifting, and working memory-using task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data and graph analysis.
Methods: We used healthy adults' functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data to construct brain connectomes and network graphs for each task and analyzed global and node-level graph metrics.
Results: The bilateral precuneus and right medial prefrontal cortex emerged as pivotal hubs and influencers, emphasizing their crucial regulatory role in all four subdomains of executive function.
Dev Psychopathol
September 2025
Youth Resilience Unit, Centre for Psychiatry and Mental Health, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Trust judgments involve rapidly evaluating others' appearance and are critical in psychosocial development. Trust biases may be linked to psychopathology risk, particularly in vulnerable, adversity-affected populations, but very little is known about trust perception in refugee context. Here, we measured trust perception of Syrian refugee children ( = 324, = 6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Mol Neurosci
September 2025
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
The ketogenic diet (KD), a high-fat, low-carbohydrate regimen, has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects in various neurological models. This study explored how KD-alone or combined with antibiotic-induced gut microbiota depletion-affects cognition and neuroinflammation in aging. Thirty-two male rats (22 months old) were assigned to four groups (n = 8): control diet (CD), ketogenic diet (KD), antibiotics with control diet (AB), and antibiotics with KD (KDAB).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Biol Rep
September 2025
Department of Pharmacology, Govt. College of Pharmacy, Rohru, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171207, India.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common, complex, and untreatable form of dementia which is characterized by severe cognitive, motor, neuropsychiatric, and behavioural impairments. These symptoms severely reduce the quality of life for patients and impose a significant burden on caregivers. The existing therapies offer only symptomatic relief without addressing the underlying silent pathological progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Geriatr Soc
September 2025
Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China.
Background: Physical resilience-the ability to withstand, recover, or adapt after a stressor-is critical in older adults facing acute insults. We conceptualize physical resilience to comprise two distinct but related components: resistance (immediate physiological response to the stressor) and recovery (subsequent health changes). These two components were used to evaluate how individuals respond to hip fracture-a common and severe geriatric stressor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF