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In recent years, miR528, a monocot-specific miRNA, has been assigned multifaceted roles during development and stress response in several plant species. However, the transcription regulation and the molecular mechanisms controlling expression in maize are still poorly explored. Here we analyzed the zma- promoter region and found conserved transcription factor binding sites related to diverse signaling pathways, including the nitrate (TGA1/4) and auxin (AuxRE) response networks. Accumulation of both pre-miR528a and mature miR528 was up-regulated by exogenous nitrate and auxin treatments during imbibition, germination, and maize seedling establishment. Functional promoter analyses demonstrated that TGA1/4 and AuxRE sites are required for transcriptional induction by both stimuli. Overall, our findings of the nitrogen- and auxin-induced zma- expression through -regulatory elements in its promoter contribute to the knowledge of miR528 regulome.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415718 | DOI Listing |
Biology (Basel)
August 2025
Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
N, as plants' most essential nutrient, profoundly shapes root system architecture (RSA), with LRs being preferentially regulated. This review synthesizes the intricate molecular mechanisms underpinning N sensing, signaling, and its integration into developmental pathways governing LR initiation, primordium formation, emergence, and elongation. We delve deeply into the roles of specific transporters (NRT1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNitric Oxide
August 2025
Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
Nitrate (NO), besides serving as a major N source, also acts as a signalling molecule in plant growth and development. Studies on NO dependent regulation of root growth in wheat (Triticum aestivum) are mostly limited to morphophysiological changes, while the underlying signalling mechanisms remain largely unexplored. To bridge this gap, the present study aims to get a mechanistic understanding of the NO dependent regulation of root growth in wheat seedlings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlants (Basel)
July 2025
Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
High nitrogen use efficiency is crucial for enhancing spinach's tolerance to low nitrogen stress and minimizing nitrate accumulation. Here, we report that SoNRT3, a NAR2 family protein, modulates nitrate uptake and plant growth under low-nitrate conditions. SoNRT3 expression was induced by low nitrate availability in roots and prolonged nitrogen deficiency in shoots.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Sci
October 2025
Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio B3, Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia, Michoacán C.P. 58030, Mexico. Electronic address:
Plants respond to phosphorus scarcity by adjusting root architecture and activating physiological and biochemical processes aimed at optimizing the uptake, transport, and efficient use of this nutrient. Phosphate, the main phosphorus available form is perceived in the root cap in a process involving several molecular components, including the transcription factor SOMBRERO and bacterial-type ferroxidases that enhance the uptake and transport of iron, whose accumulation triggers the production of reactive oxygen species, stops mitosis and halts root growth. In this process, auxins, cytokinins, jasmonic acid, abscisic acid and the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid orchestrate the formation of root hairs and lateral roots as well as the expression of Pi transporters in roots and anthocyanins in leaves.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcotoxicol Environ Saf
September 2025
Key Laboratory of Black Soil Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. Electronic address: lixiangn
Cadmium (Cd) negatively impacts plant health in ecosystems. Biochar (BC) can remediate excessive Cd accumulation in plants, and phenylalanine (Phe) enhances plant antioxidant capabilities under stress. However, the combined effects of Phe and BC on Cd toxicity in maize are not fully understood.
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