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During visual exploration, eye movements are controlled by multiple stimulus- and goal-driven factors. We recently showed that the dynamics of eye movements -how/when the eye move- during natural scenes' free viewing were similar across individuals and identified two viewing styles: static and dynamic, characterized respectively by longer or shorter fixations. Interestingly, these styles could be revealed at rest, in the absence of any visual stimulus. This result supports a role of intrinsic activity in eye movement dynamics. Here we hypothesize that these two viewing styles correspond to different spontaneous patterns of brain activity. One year after the behavioural experiments, static and dynamic viewers were called back to the lab to record high density EEG activity during eyes open and eyes closed. Static viewers show higher cortical inhibition, slower individual alpha frequency peak, and longer memory of alpha oscillations. The opposite holds for dynamic viewers. We conclude that some properties of spontaneous activity predict exploratory eye movement dynamics during free viewing.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-022-04294-9 | DOI Listing |
Neuroscience
September 2025
Department of Psychology & Health Studies, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada. Electronic address:
Attentional processes are crucial to ensure successful reading, and theories of dyslexia propose that dysfunctional attention networks may contribute to the observed reading deficits. The goals of this study were to localize a region of the frontal-eye-field (FEF) involved in both reading and attention and examine its connectivity with regions in the reading and attention networks, given the known role of the FEF in attentional processes and theorized role in reading. In Experiment 1, we revisited the results of our previous hybrid reading and attention study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Life Rev
September 2025
Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council, Rome, Italy. Electronic address:
We present a novel computational model employing hierarchical active inference to simulate reading and eye movements. The model characterizes linguistic processing as inference over a hierarchical generative model, facilitating predictions and inferences at various levels of granularity, from syllables to sentences. Our approach combines the strengths of large language models for realistic textual predictions and active inference for guiding eye movements to informative textual information, enabling the testing of predictions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci
September 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
Background: Patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) suffer from impaired cognitive functions. Previous studies in healthy individuals have shown that a single bout of physical exercise benefits cognitive functions. Such enhancements in cognitive function would be highly beneficial, particularly for patients with SSD, as cognitive abilities play a vital role in both mental and physical health.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurol
September 2025
SENSE Research Unit, Department of Clinical and Movements Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Neurology, 33 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
Positional nystagmus is a frequently encountered yet often underappreciated clinical sign that provides critical insights into vestibular and central nervous system function. For the general neurologist, recognising and correctly interpreting positional nystagmus can significantly impact diagnostic accuracy and guide appropriate management of common and complex dizziness presentations. The current diagnostic framework for positional nystagmus disproportionately favours BPPV, underestimates central positional nystagmus (CPN), and over-relies on imaging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCortex
August 2025
University of Pittsburgh, Department of Ophthalmology, Pittsburgh PA 15219, USA; University of Pittsburgh, Department of Bioengineering, Pittsburgh PA 15213, USA.
The neural circuitry engaged in supporting eye movements has been well characterized, but fundamental questions remain about the necessity and sufficiency of the individual hemispheric contributions. To gain a better understanding of the neural correlates of oculomotor control, we measured horizontal smooth pursuit tracking behavior in 14 patients following childhood hemispherectomy. Relative to developmentally typical age-matched controls, patients exhibited a bilateral and asymmetric pursuit deficit with reduced ipsilesional but elevated contralesional eye speeds, and asymmetric accompanying 'catch up' saccades.
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