The Clinical Features and Management of Empyema Caused by .

Background: , a commensal, plays an important role in purulent infections. It has been reported as aggressive pathogen causing pleural empyema. But the role of in empyema has not been taken seriously. There are no studies about clinical characteristics of empyema caused by domestically and abroad. This study aimed to explore the clinical features and management of empyema caused by .

Methods: A retrospective review of 9 patients diagnosed with empyema caused by in a hospital between January 2010 and August 2021 was performed.

Results: empyema were mostly seen in old males (66.7%) with comorbid diseases. The high-risk factors include diabetes mellitus, oral infection, and oral surgery. All were unilateral encapsulated empyema (right-side, 55.6%), diagnosed with pneumonia (bilateral pneumonia, 88.9%; ipsilateral lung abscess, 44.4%). 33.3% of patients had and anaerobes co-isolated. were sensitive to penicillin G, linezolid, levofloxacin, vancomycin, ceftriaxone, and chloramphenicol, resistant to erythromycin, tetracycline, and clindamycin. 33.3% of the patients needed ventilator support. The primary treatment to empyema was timely pus drainage, intravenous antibiotics, and enough nutrition support, intrapleural fibrinolytics and surgery (VAST recommended first) in necessity.

Conclusion: may cause pneumonia and lung abscess first and then spread to cause empyema mainly in old males with comorbid diseases. often co-isolated with anaerobes in empyema. Antibiotics should cover simultaneously both and anaerobes.