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Calmodulin (CaM) binds to the membrane-proximal cytosolic C-terminal domain of Ca 1.2 (residues 1520-1669, CT(1520-1669)) and causes Ca -induced conformational changes that promote Ca -dependent channel inactivation (CDI). We report biophysical studies that probe the structural interaction between CT(1520-1669) and CaM. The recombinantly expressed CT(1520-1669) is insoluble, but can be solubilized in the presence of Ca -saturated CaM (Ca /CaM), but not in the presence of Ca -free CaM (apoCaM). We show that half-calcified CaM (Ca /CaM ) forms a complex with CT(1520-1669) that is less soluble than CT(1520-1669) bound to Ca /CaM. The NMR spectrum of CT(1520-1669) reveals spectral differences caused by the binding of Ca /CaM versus Ca /CaM, suggesting that the binding of Ca to the CaM N-lobe may induce a conformational change in CT(1520-1669).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1873-3468.14529 | DOI Listing |
Sci Adv
September 2025
Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
Integrins bind ligands between their alpha (α) and beta (β) subunits and transmit signals through conformational changes. Early in chordate evolution, some α subunits acquired an "inserted" (I) domain that expanded integrin's ligand-binding repertoire but obstructed the ancestral ligand pocket, seemingly blocking conventional integrin activation. Here, we compare cryo-electron microscopy structures of apo and ligand-bound states of the I domain-containing αEβ integrin and the I domain-lacking αβ integrin to illuminate how the I domain intrinsically mimics an extrinsic ligand to preserve integrin function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Rep
September 2025
Michael DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; David Braley Center for Antibiotic Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K
Many Gram-negative bacteria use type VI secretion systems (T6SSs) to deliver toxic effector proteins into neighboring cells. Proteins in the VasX toxin family form ion-permeable channels in the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane that dissipate the proton motive force, thereby interfering with essential physiological processes. However, the structure of any VasX family effector has remained unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElife
September 2025
Human Biology and Primate Evolution, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Evidence indicates that transposable elements (TEs) can contribute to the evolution of new traits, with some TEs acting as deleterious elements while others are repurposed for beneficial roles in evolution. In mammals, some KRAB-ZNF proteins can serve as a key defense mechanism to repress TEs, offering genomic protection. Notably, the family of KRAB-ZNF genes evolves rapidly and exhibits diverse expression patterns in primate brains, where some TEs, including autonomous LINE-1 and non-autonomous Alu and SVA elements, remain mobile.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids
September 2025
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China.
Live-cell imaging of intracellular proteins enables real-time observation of protein dynamics under near-physiological conditions, providing pivotal insights for both fundamental life science research and medical applications. However, due to limitations such as poor probe permeability and cytotoxicity associated with conventional antibody-based or genetically encoded labeling techniques, live-cell imaging remains a significant challenging. To address these limitations, here in this study, we developed and rigorously validated a novel aptamer-based fluorescent probe for real-time imaging of NEK9 kinase in living cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFASEB Bioadv
September 2025
Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Guangdong China.
Formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that mediates chemotaxis and bactericidal activities in phagocytes. The monoclonal antibody 5F1 is generated against full-length FPR1 and used widely for detection of FPR1 expression. This study aimed to characterize 5F1 for its functions.
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