Aptamer conjugated polydopamine-coated gold nanoparticles as a dual-action nanoplatform targeting β-amyloid peptide for Alzheimer's disease therapy.

The accumulation and deposits of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide are an important pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The development of multifunctional agents that can effectively clear Aβ aggregates is one of the potential strategies to treat AD. Herein, aptamer conjugated polydopamine-coated gold nanoparticles (Au@PDA-Apt NPs) for targeting Aβ peptides were designed. Au@PDA-Apt NPs exhibited a strong capability to inhibit Aβ monomer fibrillization and disaggregate mature Aβ fibrils. In addition, Au@PDA-Apt NPs could effectively alleviate Aβ-triggered cytotoxicity. Importantly, AFM quantitative nanomechanical measurements indicated that Au@PDA-Apt NPs could prevent cell membrane damage and decrease of cell mechanical properties caused by Aβ aggregation. Taken together, this study provided a new dual-action nanoplatform for Aβ-targeted AD therapy.