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Much of precision medicine is driven by big health data research-the analysis of massive datasets representing the complex web of genetic, behavioral, environmental, and other factors that impact human well-being. There are some who point to the Common Rule, the regulation governing federally funded human subjects research, as a regulatory panacea for all types of big health data research. But how well does the Common Rule fit the regulatory needs of this type of research? This article suggests that harms that may arise from artificial intelligence and machine-learning technologies used in big health data research-and the increased likelihood that this research will affect public policy-mean it is time to consider whether the current human research regulations prohibit comprehensive, ethical review of big health data research that may result in group harm.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eahr.500130 | DOI Listing |
BMJ Health Care Inform
September 2025
Center for Sleep and Circadian Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
Objectives: The objectives were to examine the associations between accelerometer-measured circadian rest-activity rhythm (CRAR), the most prominent circadian rhythm in humans and the risk of mortality from all-cause, cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with cancer.
Methods: 7456 cancer participants from the UK Biobank were included. All participants wore accelerometers from 2013 to 2015 and were followed up until 24 January 2024, with a median follow-up of 9.
Objectives: To investigate whether quantitative retinal markers, derived from multimodal retinal imaging, are associated with increased risk of mortality among individuals with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), the most severe form of diabetic retinopathy.
Design: Longitudinal retrospective cohort analysis.
Setting: This study was nested within the AlzEye cohort, which links longitudinal multimodal retinal imaging data routinely collected from a large tertiary ophthalmic institution in London, UK, with nationally held hospital admissions data across England.
Cell Signal
September 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Engin
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), a mitochondrial disorder marked by central vision loss, exhibits incomplete penetrance and male predominance. Since there are no adequate models for understanding the rapid vision loss associated with LHON, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from LHON patients carrying the pathogenic m.3635G > A mutation and differentiated them into retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxicol Lett
September 2025
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Environmental phenols are widely used in consumer products and are of increasing concern due to their potential endocrine-disrupting effects. Physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) models offer a powerful tool for estimating human exposure by translating biomonitoring data into external intake values. However, conventional PBTK models are typically chemical-specific and resource-intensive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Clin Nutr
September 2025
Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 3100003, China. Electronic address:
Background: Muscle quality index (MQI), a new metric for assessing sarcopenia, reflects the functional capacity of muscle. However, the associations between MQI and adverse health outcomes and the corresponding mechanisms are not well understood.
Objective: We aimed to prospectively evaluate the associations of MQI with risk of nine adverse health outcomes (ie, osteoarthritis, cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), respiratory disease, chronic kidney disease (CKD), liver disease, dementia, depression, and all-cause mortality), as well as the mediating role of metabolomics in these associations.