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Spermatogenesis is a highly organized and regulated process that requires the constant production of millions of gametes over the reproductive lifetime of the mammalian male. This is possible because of an active stem cell pool and an ordered entry into the germ cell developmental sequence. The ordered entry is a result of the synthesis and action of retinoic acid allowing for the onset of spermatogonial differentiation and an irreversible commitment to spermatogenesis. The periodic appearance and actions of retinoic acid along the seminiferous tubules is a result of the interactions between germ cells and Sertoli cells that result in the generation and maintenance of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium and is the subject of this review.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/JME-22-0067 | DOI Listing |
Leukemia
September 2025
I.R.C.C.S Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano, Rome, Italy.
At present there is no metabolic characterization of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Pathognomonic of APL, PML::RARα fusion protein rewires metabolic pathways to feed anabolic tumor cell's growth. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO)-based therapies render APL the most curable subtype of AML, yet approximately 1% of cases are resistant and 5% relapse.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Immunopharmacol
September 2025
Pharmacy of College, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China,; Key Laboratory of Modern Research of TCM, Education Department of Hunan Province, Changsha, China; Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumo
Mitochondria play a crucial role as a hub for innate immune signal transduction, with mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) being a key regulator in the activation of interferon-β (IFN-β) production. It is essential for MAVS to initiate innate antiviral responses against RNA viruses, contributing to the host's defense mechanisms. In this study, we identified the mitochondrial protein Paraneoplastic Ma Family 4 (PNMA4/MOAP1) as a MAVS-interacting protein by using proximity-based labeling technology in THP-1 and discovered that it could enhance retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptor (RLR) signaling pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEye (Lond)
September 2025
Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Background: Blepharitis, meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), and chalazia are common disorders impacting quality of life. This population-based, pharmacovigilance study aims to identify systemic drugs disproportionately linked to these disorders.
Methods: Data from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) were analysed (Q4 2003 to Q2 2024).
J Pediatr Hematol Oncol
September 2025
Nuclear Medicine, Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
Pediatric pancreatic neuroblastoma is a rare cancer in children, with only limited cases available in the literature. We report a case of a 4-year-old girl diagnosed with high-risk pancreatic neuroblastoma. The girl was treated with induction chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplant and maintenance with 13-cis-retinoic acid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
September 2025
The University of Leicester Ulverscroft Eye Unit, School of Psychology and Vision Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Purpose: To define the genetic architecture of foveal morphology and explore its relevance to foveal hypoplasia (FH), a hallmark of developmental macular disorders.
Methods: We applied deep-learning algorithms to quantify foveal pit depth from central optical coherence tomography (OCT) B-scans in 61,269 UK Biobank participants. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted using REGENIE, adjusting for age, sex, height, and ancestry.