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Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is a collection of genetically inherited neurological disorders characterized by vision loss, seizure, brain death, and premature lethality. At the cellular level, a key pathologic hallmark of NCL is the build-up of autofluorescent storage materials (AFSM) in lysosomes of both neurons and non-neuronal cells. Molecular dissection of the genetic lesions underlying NCLs has shed significant insights into how disruption of lysosomal homeostasis may lead to lipofuscin accumulation and NCLs. Intriguingly, recent studies on DNAJC5/CSPα, a membrane associated HSC70 co-chaperone, have unexpectedly linked lipofuscin accumulation to two intimately coupled protein quality control processes at endolysosomes. This review discusses how deregulation of unconventional protein secretion and endosomal microautophagy (eMI) contributes to lipofuscin accumulation and neurodegeneration.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9127312 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.906453 | DOI Listing |
Mutations in the gene in Stargardt disease (STGD1) cause enhanced accumulation of cytotoxic lipofuscin, manifesting in RPE atrophy and photoreceptor dysfunction. One component of lipofuscin is the all--retinal derivative, pyridinium bisretinoid A2E. Since ocular A2E biosynthesis relies on all--retinal, which is obtained from circulating all--retinol bound to retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4-ROL), we hypothesized that modulating vitamin A receptors, such as RBPR2, which regulate serum RBP4-ROL homeostasis, should in principle attenuate A2E production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeroscience
September 2025
Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute On Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Dysregulated proteostasis is a hallmark of aging. We investigated how efficiently proteostatic adaptations to chronic cardiac cyclic-adenosine-monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent stress change with aging in mice harboring marked cardiac-specific over-expression of adenylyl cyclase VIII (TG). We assessed protein quality control mechanisms (PQC) (ubiquitin proteasome system, autophagic flux via macroautophagy, and mitophagy) in left ventricles of TG and wild-type littermates (WT) at 3-4 and 17-21 months of age.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Chem
September 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States.
The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are rare and fatal autosomal pediatric neurodegenerative disorders. The most prevalent subtype, CLN3, arises from a mutation in the CLN3 gene. Common phenotypic hallmarks include lipofuscin and subunit c of mitochondrial ATP synthase accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and reduced Bcl-2 expression, however the underlying pathophysiology is not well understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCells
August 2025
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 25, I-07100 Sassari, Italy.
Cellular senescence can occur with similar phenotypes in normal cells, during aging, and in tumor cells, spontaneously or after cytostasis. The fall or increase in proliferative activity are key aspects of the respective conditions, in which the levels of reactive oxygen species can vary, affecting the cellular redox homeostasis. This work aimed to study the relationships between senescence and transformation by comparing cells with different proliferative activities and phenotypes attributable to transformation (NIHs cultures) or senescence (NIHv cultures), before and after incubation with hydrogen peroxide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiogerontology
August 2025
Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
Zuogui pill (ZGP) and Yougui pill (YGP) are classical kidney-tonifying formulas in Traditional Chinese Medicine, widely used clinically but with their potential to delay ageing and improve ageing biomarkers remaining unclear. This study combined network pharmacology and Caenorhabditis elegans models to investigate the anti-ageing effects and mechanisms of ZGP and YGP. Both formulas significantly extended lifespan (ZGP dose-dependently at 5-20 mg/mL; YGP at 20 mg/mL) and improved ageing biomarkers, as evidenced by enhanced motility, reduced lipofuscin accumulation and endogenous ROS levels, and increased resistance to heat and oxidative stress.
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