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Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 are at significant risk for superimposed bacterial pneumonia. However, diagnosing superinfection is challenging due to its clinical resemblance to severe COVID-19. We therefore evaluated whether the immune biomarker, procalcitonin, could facilitate the diagnosis of bacterial superinfection. To do so, we identified 185 patients with severe COVID-19 who underwent lower respiratory culture; 85 had superinfection. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that procalcitonin at the time of culture was incapable of distinguishing patients with bacterial infection (AUC, 0.52). We conclude that static measurement of procalcitonin does not aid in the diagnosis of superinfection in severe COVID-19.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2022.03.29.22272960 | DOI Listing |
J Virol
September 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India.
High morbidity and mortality associated with human β-coronavirus (CoV) infection highlight the need to determine host responses to infection and develop anti-viral therapies. Gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC), particularly involving Connexin43 (Cx43), is vital for maintaining central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis, and disruption of GJIC is a well-documented pathogenic mechanism among β-coronaviruses. Specifically, murine β-coronavirus, mouse hepatitis virus (MHV-A59) inoculation in the mouse brain causes acute-stage CNS viral spread and chronic neuroinflammatory demyelination while causing pronounced downregulation of Cx43 at the acute stage, reflecting a critical role in CNS pathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPaediatr Anaesth
September 2025
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Section of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Introduction: Tonsillectomy is associated with a high rate of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), ranging between 40% and 73%, and dexamethasone has been found to have a prophylactic effect on PONV in children undergoing tonsillectomy. In 2020, there was a sudden, severe shortage of intravenous dexamethasone given its role in treating patients with COVID-19. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the viability of an alternative: non-inferiority of oral versus intravenous dexamethasone for preventing PONV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCrohns Colitis 360
July 2025
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Introduction: Acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) typically requires hospitalization for intravenous (IV) corticosteroid treatment and monitoring. In response to the need to reduce inpatient stays, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, outpatient treatment models have gained interest. This study evaluated the feasibility, safety, and patient satisfaction of outpatient IV corticosteroid treatment for ASUC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Gen Med
September 2025
Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA, USA.
Purpose: The diagnosis of post-acute SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) is broad, referring to new or persistent health problems >four weeks after being infected with SARSCoV-2. The aim of this study was to determine whether cytokines, chemokines or catecholamine levels could specify the clinical condition.
Patients And Methods: Seventy-nine participants participated in person to study PASC.
Front Pediatr
August 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
Background: Since 2019, COVID-19 has substantially impacted global public health. Although pediatric cases generally manifest with mild symptoms, severe and even fatal outcomes have occurred. Despite the decreased viral transmissibility and pathogenicity observed in the post-pandemic era, identifying early clinical indicators for severe pediatric COVID-19 remains crucial.
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