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Kinematic analysis of the upper limbs is a good way to assess and monitor recovery in individuals with stroke, but it remains little used in clinical routine due to its low feasibility. The aim of this study is to assess the validity and reliability of the Kinect v2 for the analysis of upper limb reaching kinematics. Twenty-six healthy participants performed seated hand-reaching tasks while holding a dumbbell to induce behaviour similar to that of stroke survivors. With the Kinect v2 and with the VICON, 3D upper limb and trunk motions were simultaneously recorded. The Kinect assesses trunk compensations, hand range of motion, movement time and mean velocity with a moderate to excellent reliability. In contrast, elbow and shoulder range of motion, time to peak velocity and path length ratio have a poor to moderate reliability. Finally, instantaneous hand and elbow tracking are not precise enough to reliably assess the number of velocity peaks and the peak hand velocity. Thanks to its ease of use and markerless properties, the Kinect can be used in clinical routine for semi-automated quantitative diagnostics guiding individualised rehabilitation of the upper limb. However, engineers and therapists must bear in mind the tracking limitations of the Kinect.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22072735 | DOI Listing |
Biol Cybern
September 2025
Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 61801, IL, USA.
In this article, a biophysically realistic model of a soft octopus arm with internal musculature is presented. The modeling is motivated by experimental observations of sensorimotor control where an arm localizes and reaches a target. Major contributions of this article are: (i) development of models to capture the mechanical properties of arm musculature, the electrical properties of the arm peripheral nervous system (PNS), and the coupling of PNS with muscular contractions; (ii) modeling the arm sensory system, including chemosensing and proprioception; and (iii) algorithms for sensorimotor control, which include a novel feedback neural motor control law for mimicking target-oriented arm reaching motions, and a novel consensus algorithm for solving sensing problems such as locating a food source from local chemical sensory information (exogenous) and arm deformation information (endogenous).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychol Res
September 2025
Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, Nara, Japan.
The ability to detect small errors between sensory prediction in the brain and actual sensory feedback is important in rehabilitation after brain injury, where motor function needs to be restored. To date in the recent study, a delayed visual error detection task during upper limb movement was used to measure this ability for healthy participants or patients. However, this ability during walking, which is the most sought-after in brain-injured patients, was unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Arch Occup Environ Health
September 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Purpose: To investigate the role of personal risk factors in the occurrence of the vascular, neurological and fibroproliferative disorders of the hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) in workers groups exposed to hand-transmitted vibration (HTV).
Methods: HAVS prevalence and incidence data were pooled across a series of cross-sectional studies (total sample: 1272 HTV workers, 579 controls) and prospective cohort studies (total sample: 377 HTV workers, 138 controls) conducted in Central and North-Eastern Italy. The pooled studies included detailed individual-level information about HTV exposure, personal risk factors, medical comorbidities and HAVS disorders.
Cureus
August 2025
Internal Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.
This report discusses a case of a 33-year-old healthy woman who presented with upper extremity swelling and pain, which she attributed to an injury sustained during her work as a professional dancer. Given her persistent symptoms, she was eventually referred to the emergency room for evaluation of possible thrombosis. She was found to have an elevated D-dimer, and a CT angiogram of the chest revealed narrowing of the bilateral subclavian veins suggestive of venous thoracic outlet syndrome (VTOS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBone Jt Open
September 2025
Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK.
Aims: The primary outcome was to determine the proportion of patients with adhesive capsulitis who required reintervention following a treatment of hydrodistension. The secondary outcome was to identify predictors of reintervention.
Methods: A total of 712 hydrodistension procedures from six NHS trusts were included for statistical analysis.