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SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain emergence raised concerns that its enhanced infectivity is partly due to altered spread/contamination modalities. We therefore sampled high-contact surfaces and air in close proximity to patients who were verified as infected with the Omicron strain, using identical protocols applied to sample patients positive to the original or Alpha strains. Cumulatively, for all 3 strains, viral RNA was detected in 90 of 168 surfaces and 6 of 49 air samples (mean cycle threshold [Ct]=35.2±2.5). No infective virus was identified. No significant differences in prevalence were found between strains.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8896873 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2022.03.001 | DOI Listing |
Vaccine
September 2025
Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Background: Covid-19 vaccines are updated to match circulating strains based on reasoning that better strain-matched immunogenicity should provide better protection. Randomized evidence with disease endpoints to support strain matching is lacking. We evaluated COVID-19 incidence among adults randomized to a second booster of Prototype or Omicron-based vaccines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Infect Dis J
September 2025
From the School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Background: Obesity was a risk factor for severe COVID-19 in children during early outbreaks of ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and the Delta variant. However, the relationship between obesity and COVID-19 severity during the Omicron wave remains unclear.
Methods: This multicenter, observational study included polymerase chain r eaction-confirmed SARS-CoV-2-infected children and adolescents from Australia, Brazil, Italy, Portugal, Switzerland, Thailand, the United Kingdom and the United States hospitalized between January 1, 2020, and March 31, 2022.
bioRxiv
August 2025
Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA, Broad Institute of MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
A key goal of vaccinology is to train the immune system to combat current pathogens while simultaneously preparing it for future evolved variants. Understanding factors contributing to anticipatory breadth, wherein affinity maturation against an ancestral strain yields neutralization capacity against evolved variants, is therefore of great importance. Here, we investigated the mechanism of anticipatory breadth development in a public antibody family targeting the functionally restricted ACE2 binding site on SARS-CoV-2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Transl Med
September 2025
Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
The rapid emergence of divergent SARS-CoV-2 variants led to a 2023-2024 update of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine to a monovalent version containing the XBB.1.5 SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVirus Res
September 2025
Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, 1519 Dongyue Dadao, Nanchang 330209, China; Jiangxi Provincial Center for Advanced Diagnostic Technology and Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi
The ongoing mutation and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 have posed a severe threat to global health, and their functional impact remains to be further characterized. Here, we analyzed the selection pressure from 49 Omicron sub-strains at the gene and amino acid levels. We also examined the impact of mutations on the binding affinity between the receptor binding domain (RBD) and angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and evaluated the immune escape ability of RBD responding to the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) through molecular dynamics simulation on eight representative Omicron sub-variants (B.
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