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Aging is often characterized by changes in the ability to form and accurately recall episodic memories, and this is especially evident in neuropsychiatric conditions including Alzheimer's disease and dementia. Memory impairments and cognitive decline associated with aging mirror the impairments observed following damage to the retrosplenial cortex, suggesting that this region might be important for continued cognitive function throughout the lifespan. Here, we review lines of evidence demonstrating that degeneration of the retrosplenial cortex is critically involved in age-related memory impairment and suggest that preservation of function in this region as part of a larger circuit that supports memory maintenance will decrease the deleterious effects of aging on memory processing.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2022.107601 | DOI Listing |
Curr Biol
July 2025
Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address:
The claustrum (CLA) is a thin and elongated brain structure that is located between the insula and lateral striatum and is implicated in a wide range of behaviors. It is characterized by its extensive synaptic connectivity with multiple cortical regions. While CLA projection neurons are glutamatergic, several studies have shown an inhibitory impact of CLA on its cortical targets, suggesting the involvement of inhibitory cortical interneurons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransl Psychiatry
September 2025
Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University-Newark, Newark, NJ, USA.
Abnormalities in goal-directed behavior, mediated by mesocorticolimbic reward system, contribute to worse clinical outcomes including higher risk of treatment dropout and drug relapse in opioid users (OU). Despite efforts to counteract such neural alterations, brain-based interventions for this disorder remain ineffective. In this sham-controlled randomized study, we report the initial results on the efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulus (TMS) in normalizing reward functioning in this population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Alzheimers Dis
September 2025
School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
BackgroundThe relationship between blood pressure (BP) trajectories across early (∼40 years) into mid-life (∼55 years) and preclinical dementia has not previously been well studied using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging outcomes.ObjectiveTo examine the association between BP trajectories across early mid-life into mid mid-life and amyloid- and tau-PET burden in adults without clinical dementia.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included dementia-free Framingham Heart Study 3 generation participants with data on remote BP (2002-2005) and recent BP (2016-2019) who participated in C-Pittsburgh Compound-B (PiB)-PET and/or F-Flortaucipir (FTP)-PET scans between 2016 to 2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrends Neurosci Educ
September 2025
Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; LEARN! Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Vrije Uni
the aim of this study was to investigate whole-brain functional connectivity patterns of the reward circuitry and executive control network, and their associations with growth mindset of intelligence in adolescents METHODS: we investigated seed-based functional connectivity of three pre-defined seeds, the caudate and putamen (reward circuitry), and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC; executive control region) in 59 adolescents between 13-16 years old. Growth mindset was used as covariate in the seed-based analysis RESULTS: our findings revealed the expected whole-brain functional connectivity patterns of the three pre-defined seeds. In contrast to the literature, none of these functional connectivity patterns between the seeds and all other voxels of the brain were related to growth mindset CONCLUSION: the current study suggests that the neural representation of a growth mindset is not consistently observed in resting-state neural connectivity and might depend on contextual or cultural differences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Res
August 2025
Laboratorio de Aprendizaje, Memoria y Neuromodulación, Departamento de Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile; Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile. Electronic address:
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a highly prevalent neurological disorder characterized by severe seizures and altered consciousness. Seizures in TLE often originate in the hippocampus (HIP) but can spread to widespread brain regions, including the retrosplenial cortex (RSC) and orbitofrontal cortex (ORB). The RSC is a highly interconnected cortical region implicated in seizure onset and propagation, yet its role in epilepsy remains poorly understood.
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