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Given the co-occurrence of memory impairment in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment/Alzheimer's disease (aMCI/AD), biomarkers are needed that can disentangle these conditions among people with HIV (PWH). We assessed whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers of AD could help in this effort by determining their relationship to learning and memory deficits versus cognitive deficits more characteristic of HAND than aMCI/AD (processing speed and complex visual/motor coordination) among 31 older PWH. CSF amyloid-β phosphorylated-tau, amyloid-β/amyloid-β and phosphorylated-tau/amyloid-β ratio related to learning/memory performance but not HAND-related deficits, suggesting that these biomarkers may have utility in disentangling aMCI/AD from HAND.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13365-021-01048-x | DOI Listing |
Int J Surg
September 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.
Background: As a common postoperative neurological complication, postoperative delirium (POD) can lead to poor postoperative recovery in patients, prolonged hospitalization, and even increased mortality. However, POD's mechanism remains undefined and there are no reliable molecular markers of POD to date. The present work examined the associations of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sTREM2 with CSF POD biomarkers, and investigated whether the effects of CSF sTREM2 on POD were modulated by the core pathological indexes of POD (Aβ42, tau, and ptau).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Clin Transl Neurol
September 2025
Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Background: Plasma p-tau181 has proven to be a promising diagnostic and prognostic tool in the earliest phases of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of p-tau181 in predicting conversion to AD dementia and worsening in cognition in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and subjective cognitive decline (SCD).
Methods: We consecutively enrolled 163 patients (50 SCD, 70 MCI, and 43 AD-demented (AD-d)), who underwent plasma p-tau181 analysis with the Simoa assay.
Curr Med Imaging
September 2025
Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
Unlabelled: Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a severe complication of solid malignancies, including lung adenocarcinoma, characterized by poor prognosis and diagnostic challenges. This study assesses whether curvilinear peri-brainstem hyperintense signals on MRI are a characteristic feature of LM in lung adenocarcinoma patients.
Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from multiple centers, encompassing lung adenocarcinoma patients with peri-brainstem curvilinear hyperintense signals on MRI between January 2016 and March 2022.
Eur J Case Rep Intern Med
August 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, Dubai Hospital, Dubai Health, Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Introduction: Primary central nervous system vasculitis (primary CNS vasculitis) is a rare inflammatory disorder that affects small-to-medium-sized cerebral vessels, often leading to recurrent strokes. Diagnosis is vague due to non-specific neurological symptoms. Imaging findings, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and exclusion of systemic vasculitis are essential for diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
September 2025
Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA.
Introduction: Among individuals who are amyloid biomarker-positive or apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carriers, arterial stiffness reflected by higher pulse wave velocity (PWV) has been associated with lower cognition cross-sectionally. Less is known about longitudinal associations.
Methods: The sample included 152 older adults without dementia.