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With the goal of improving the reproducibility and annotatability of MHC multimer reagent data, we present the establishment of a new data standard: Minimal Information about MHC Multimers (https://miamm.lji.org/). Multimers are engineered reagents composed of a ligand and a MHC, which can be represented in a standardized format using ontology terminology. We provide an online Web site to host the details of the standard, as well as a validation tool to assist with the adoption of the standard. We hope that this publication will bring increased awareness of Minimal Information about MHC Multimers and drive acceptance, ultimately improving the quality and documentation of multimer data in the scientific literature.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.2100961 | DOI Listing |
Int J Biol Macromol
September 2025
Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, China; Institute of Cell The
Despite its potential as a cancer immunotherapy, wild-type IL-2 is limited by dose-limiting toxicities, including vascular leak syndrome, and its strong activation of regulatory T cells (Tregs), which dampens anti-tumor immunity. These drawbacks are largely driven by IL-2's binding to IL-2Rα, and avoiding this interaction can reduce IL-2-associated toxicities, although it cannot completely eliminate them. To overcome these limitations, βγ-biased IL-2 variants (Non-α-IL-2) have been developed to selectively activate effector T and NK cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
September 2025
Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Acute myeloid leukaemia-normal karyotype (AML-NK) exhibits heterogeneity in expression profiles, influencing the treatment response and survival outcome. Transcriptome sequencing allows a comprehensive analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and dysregulated pathways in AML-NK, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms and their implications in patients' management. DEG analyses utilising transcriptome sequencing were conducted using a customised DESeq2 pipeline on 51 AML-NK patients at diagnosis (DX), 12 AML-NK patients who attained first remission (CR1) and 12 healthy controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Struct Biotechnol J
August 2025
School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, UK.
Due to their versatility and diverse production methods, proteins have attracted a lot of interest for industrial as well as therapeutic applications. Designing new therapeutics requires careful consideration of immune responses, particularly the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) reaction to intra-cellular proteins. In this study, we introduce CAPE-Beam, a novel decoding strategy for the established ProteinMPNN protein design model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAvian Pathol
August 2025
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, United States National Poultry Research Center, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, 934 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia, 30605, USA.
Seven lines of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-B congenic specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens and two lines of non-B congenic SPF chickens with similar B haplotype but differing non-MHC genes were utilized to investigate the effect of the B locus on infectious bursal disease (IBD) development. In initial experiments, chickens were challenged at 28 days of age with the variant infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) strain AL-2, classical IBDV strain STC, or very virulent (vv) IBDV strain rA. IBD severity was evaluated throughout the seven-day course of infection by assessing survivability and histopathological analysis of bursal lesion scores.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Pharmacol
August 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Background: CD4 T-cells play a pivotal role in cancer immunology, functioning as both tumor-suppressing and tumor-promoting agents depending on their differentiation and cytokine profiles. Targeting CD4 T-cells with novel drug delivery systems, particularly nanoparticle-based formulations, offers a promising approach to enhancing antitumor immune responses while minimizing systemic toxicity.
Objective: This review aims to explore the immunological significance of CD4 T-cells in cancer and their modulation using novel drug delivery systems.