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Plants obtain nutrients from the soil via transmembrane transporters and channels in their root hairs, from which ions radially transport in toward the xylem for distribution across the plant body. We determined structures of the hyperpolarization-activated channel AKT1 from , which mediates K uptake from the soil into plant roots. These structures of AtAKT1 embedded in lipid nanodiscs show that the channel undergoes a reduction of C4 to C2 symmetry, possibly to regulate its electrical activation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00654 | DOI Listing |
Chaos
September 2025
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA.
Almost equitable partitions (AEPs) have been linked to cluster synchronization in oscillatory systems, highlighting the importance of structure in collective network dynamics. We provide a general spectral framework that formalizes this connection, showing how eigenvectors associated with AEPs span a subspace of the Laplacian spectrum that governs partition-induced synchronization behavior. This offers a principled reduction of network dynamics, allowing clustered states to be understood in terms of quotient graph projections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInorg Chem
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.
The nominally trigonal, pseudo-Jahn-Teller (PJT)-active, = 1/2 N-bound complexes, , M = Fe, Co, with three in-plane phosphine ligands and axial donors, E = Si, B, C, include functional nitrogenase models that catalyze the reduction of N to NH. We applied EPR, P ENDOR spectroscopy, and DFT computations to characterize the PJT-induced distortions of four selected , revealing how the metal ion and axial ligand E together tune both PJT dynamics, as revealed by P ENDOR and N activation, as indicated by a decrease in N≡N stretching frequency, ν(N≡N). , and each exhibit a single P isotropic hyperfine coupling, revealing dynamic pseudorotation of the PJT distortion, producing averaged symmetry with equivalent phosphine ligands.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrosurgery
September 2025
Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, Hospital del Trabajador, Santiago, Chile.
Background: When indocyanine green lymphography (ICG-L) fails to display a linear pattern, preoperative planning for lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) becomes challenging. Given the anatomical symmetry of lymphatics in extremities, the healthy limb can serve as a template for the affected one. This study introduces an accessible technique that uses augmented reality (AR) to mirror the lymphatic anatomy of the unaffected limb onto the affected side to assist in surgical planning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
September 2025
Department of Mathematics, Wollega University, 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia.
Research on [Formula: see text]-symmetry and spontaneous symmetry breaking captivates contemporary scholars due to its extensive applicability in several fields, including microwave propagation and nonlinear optics. This article studies the nonlocal complex short pulse (NL-CSP) equation in which we discuss how under certain symmetry reduction general complex short pulse equation turns into NL-CSP equation. We construct the binary Darboux transformation for the reverse space-time NL-CSP equation and derive its quasi-grammian solutions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Musculoskelet Disord
September 2025
Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
Introduction: 3D-printing is an emerging technology that is used in the manufacturing of orthotic devices. 3D-printing has many advantages such as improved fit, comfort, effectiveness, and patient satisfaction. While some challenges like durability and material selection remain, the aim of this systematic review is to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the clinical outcomes of 3D-printed orthoses.
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