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Gly-His-Lys (GHK) is a tripeptide present in the human bloodstream that exhibits a number of biological functions. Its activity is attributed to the copper-complexed form, Cu(II)GHK. Little is known, however, about the molecular aspects of the mechanism of its action. Here, we examined the reaction of Cu(II)GHK with reduced glutathione (GSH), which is the strongest reductant naturally occurring in human plasma. Spectroscopic techniques (UV-vis, CD, EPR, and NMR) and cyclic voltammetry helped unravel the reaction mechanism. The impact of temperature, GSH concentration, oxygen access, and the presence of ternary ligands on the reaction were explored. The transient GSH-Cu(II)GHK complex was found to be an important reaction intermediate. The kinetic and redox properties of this complex, including tuning of the reduction rate by ternary ligands, suggest that it may provide a missing link in copper trafficking as a precursor of Cu(I) ions, for example, for their acquisition by the CTR1 cellular copper transporter.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02669 | DOI Listing |
Anal Chim Acta
November 2025
The Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE) - the Portuguese Research Centre for Sustainable Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal. Electronic address:
Background: When using semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) for single-analyte sensing, recognition is commonly achieved through interactions with capping ligands attached to the QDs surface. These ligands form an organic layer that provides stability in solution and assures selectivity by binding the target analyte via surface functional groups. However, a common analytical challenge arises in the subsequent stage of the QD-based sensing scheme.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Chem Biol
September 2025
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, United States.
Targeted protein degradation (TPD) is a promising modality that leverages the endogenous cellular protein degradation machinery to degrade selected proteins. Recently, we validated CUL3 E3 ligase as a new actionable E3 ligase for TPD application by developing a synthetic macrocycle ligand to engage KLHL20. Linking the KLHL20 ligand to JQ1, we created the PROTAC molecule BTR2004, which exhibited potent degradation of BET family proteins BRD 2, 3, and 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInorg Chem
August 2025
Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemotechnology, Xiangyang 441003, China.
Acetylene (CH), as a crucial chemical feedstock, and its purification from multicomponent light hydrocarbon mixtures is industrially challenging. Herein, we used the 3-methyl-4-(4-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl) benzoic acid (HL) ligand and CoSO·7HO to assemble a novel metal-organic framework (MOF), [Co(L)(OH)(SO) (HO)]·DMA·4HO (), with porous channels decorated with accessible active sites including an open metal center, an uncoordinated carboxylate group, functional methyl groups, and sulfate anions. The adsorption capacities are 64.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Res
August 2025
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
Various organic acids commonly coexist with Cr(VI) in wastewater. However, direct electron transfer between Cr(VI) and electron-rich organic acids is typically slow. Current Fe-based mediators primarily operate through the aqueous Fe(III)/Fe(II) cycle, which faces challenges in achieving efficient Fe recycling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
Nature precisely regulates multicomponent assemblies with the assistance of cooperativity. However, establishing such high precision in multicomponent assemblies of artificial supramolecular structures remains challenging. Here, we successfully position multiple distinct guest molecules within two equivalent binding cavities of a zinc-metalated trisporphyrin host by combining two distinct negative cooperative interactions, including donor-acceptor π-stacking and metal-ligand coordination.
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