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Background: Centromeres are crucial for precise chromosome segregation and maintaining genome stability during cell division. However, their evolutionary dynamics, particularly in polyploid organisms with complex genomic architectures, remain largely enigmatic. Allopolyploid wheat, with its well-defined hierarchical ploidy series and recent polyploidization history, serves as an excellent model to explore centromere evolution.

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Purpose: To clinically validate the nursing diagnosis "Inadequate Nutritional Intake" based on elements identified within a specific situation theory framework in the context of children with cancer.

Methods: This is a diagnostic accuracy study following the Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (STARD) protocol. Specifically, it refers to the clinical validation phase of the nursing diagnosis Inadequate nutritional intake, using a cross-sectional design.

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Petit-spot volcanism plays a critical role in the metasomatism of oceanic plates prior to subduction and in their recycling into the deep mantle. The extent of metasomatism depends on the number and volume of petit-spot volcanic edifices and intrusions, making precise identification of petit-spot volcanic fields essential. However, conventional methods based on seafloor topography and acoustic backscatter intensity alone have limitations in accurately delineating these features.

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Making cow-free caseins and casein micelles.

Trends Biotechnol

September 2025

School of Molecular Biosciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK. Electronic address:

A key step in the precision fermentation of casein proteins is correct phosphorylation to generate one or more short linear sequence motifs (SLiMs) containing three or more phosphorylated seryl residues. The work of Balasubramanian et al. takes us a step closer to that goal by showing that two bacterial phosphokinases are promising alternatives to the mammalian Golgi phosphokinases and casein kinase-II.

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[Immunomodulatory therapy in severe pneumonia: a double-edged sword in determining clinical outcomes].

Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi

September 2025

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.

Severe pneumonia remains a major threat to human health, particularly in patients who progress to sepsis, with immune dysregulation playing a central role in its pathophysiological mechanism. Although immunomodulatory therapies have evolved alongside our improved understanding of immune imbalance, conflicting clinical evidence persists. For example, agents targeting similar pathways may produce divergent outcomes, while those with opposing mechanisms of action may yield comparable results.

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